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Canal Irrigation System topics include: Alluvial and non-alluvial canals, canal irrigation system alignment, channels curves, canal losses and regulation.
Canal irrigation is a man-made system that uses artificial channels to transport water from rivers, dams, tanks, or reservoirs to irrigate fields. Canals are usually made from stone, brick, concrete, or flexible membranes.
Canal irrigation systems can include: Main canals, Branch canals, Distributaries.
Canal irrigation has many advantages, including: Developing un-irrigated wasteland Avoiding droughts Meeting crop water needs during rainfall fluctuations Higher productivity per hectare Increasing water table levels
However, canal irrigation also has some disadvantages, including: It can increase the population of insects, mosquitoes, and worms Improper maintenance can reduce the capacity of the canal It can be expensive and time-consuming to build
The four main types of canal structures are: Erosion control structures Distribution control structures Crossing structures Water measurement structures
In India, the maximum part of the total irrigated area by canals is in Uttar Pradesh. Other major states where irrigation is done by canals are Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab and Bihar.
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