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Anatomy and Physiology Practice Test: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
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Related Test: Anatomy and Physiology Practice Test: Nutrition, Metabolism, and Body Temperature Regulation

Anatomy and Physiology Practice Test: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
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25 Questions

1. A falling blood pH and a rising partial pressure of carbon dioxide due to pneumonia or emphysema indicates ________.
2. The single most important factor influencing potassium ion secretion is ________.
3. Sodium is pivotal to fluid and electrolyte balance and to the homeostasis of all body systems.
4. The main way the kidney regulates potassium ions is to excrete them.
5. Electrolytes determine most of the chemical and physical reactions of the body.
6. Which of the following is not a method for regulating the hydrogen ion concentration in blood?
7. Hypercalcemia causes muscle tetany.
8. The term alkaline reserve is used to describe the ________ buffer system.
9. Whereas sodium is found mainly in the extracellular fluid, most ________ is found in the intracellular fluid.
10. The regulation of sodium ________.
11. The phosphate buffer system is relatively unimportant for buffering blood plasma.
12. Hypoproteinemia reflects a condition of unusually high levels of plasma proteins and causes tissue edema.
13. Dehydration can be caused by endocrine disturbances such as diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus.
14. To remain properly hydrated, water intake must equal water output.
15. A patient is breathing slowly and blood pH analysis indicates an abnormally high value. What is the likely diagnosis?
16. Heavy consumption of salt substitutes high in potassium can present a serious clinical problem when aldosterone release is not normal.
17. The maintenance of the proper pH of the body fluids may be the result of ________.
18. Extracellular fluid in the human body is composed of all of the following except ________.
19. Atrial natriuretic peptide is a hormone that is made in the atria of the heart. The influence of this hormone is to ________.
20. Blood acidity results in depression of the CNS, whereas blood alkalosis results in overexcitement of the CNS.
21. Which of the following is not a chemical buffer system?
22. The regulation of potassium balance ________.
23. Which of the following is not a disorder of water balance?
24. Weak acids are able to act as chemical buffering systems for the body because they partially dissociate.
25. What hormone reduces blood pressure and blood volume by inhibiting nearly all events that promote vasoconstriction and sodium ion and water retention?

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