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CLEP Western Civilization I: Ancient Near East
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CLEP Western Civilization I: Ancient Near East
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1. The period from 12 -000 BC to 8 -000 BC characterized by the gradual shift from hunter-gather societies to sedentary agricultural societies.

2. A nomadic agricultural lifestyle based on herding domesticated animals; tended to produce independent people capable of challenging sedentary agricultural societies.

3. Period from 4 -000 BC to 1 -500 BC (3rd Millenium) when bronze tools were first introduced in the Middle East.

4. Major contributor to the spread of culture.

5. The two Hebrew kingdoms of Canaan.

6. Intermediate form of ecological adaptation in which temporary forms of cultivation are carried out with little impact on the natural ecology; typical of rainforest cultivators.

7. The first tools were made of ___________ approximately 2.5 Million years ago.

8. A sea-faring civilization located on the shores on the Eastern Mediterranean; established colonies throughout the Mediterranean and devised a simplified alphabet that greatly influenced the Greek and Latin writing systems.

9. Three main rivers of the Fertile Crescent.

10. Early walled urban culture site based on sedentary agriculture; located in modern Israeli-occupied West Bank near Jordan River.

11. In contrast to the isolated Egyptians - these people were warriors and traders - they were highly unpredictable and abstract thinkers.

12. The first economic class not responsible for producing their own food and shelter.

13. Passive - Stable - Predictable - and Conformist are adjectives that the describe the _____________ people and explain why their civilization was able to survive for an extraordinary 3 -000 years.

14. The smaller size of the pyramids during the 5th and 6th dynasties is reflective of the declining power of the Pharaoh and the rise in power of ____________ in an economy of increasing size.

15. The most important ruler in Babylonian history. Responsible for the codification of law. Ruled over public and private life; business - financial - and criminal law. Judgements were often harsh.

16. Between 3000 and 1500 BC - the civilization flourished over the region that extended hundreds of miles from the Himalaya Mountains to the coast of the Arabian Sea. At the heart of the civilization were Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. Both cities had popula

17. City built by the Israelite King David in order to honor God.

18. Founded by Cyrus the Great who expanded the empire across vast lands using a system of local administrators to maintain control.

19. Achievements of the ___________ civilization include the construction of irrigation ditches - introduction of the plow - and wheel made pottery.

20. The African state that developed along the upper reached of the Nile circa 1000 BC; conquered Egypt and ruled it for several centuries.

21. First Pharaoh of the Old Kingdom.

22. Egyptian Pharaoh of the New Kingdom - attempted to reduce the power of the priests by establishing a monotheistic religion dedicated to Aten - the sun-god - replacing the tradition Egyptian pantheon of gods. He established himself as the sole priest

23. Located at the center of each Sumerian city-state - this was a massive stepped tower upon which a temple dedicated to the chief god or goddess of the city-state.

24. Unified all of Mesopotamia circa 1800 BC - collapsed due to foreign invasian.

25. Wife of Akenhaten - died during his celebration. After which Akenhaten became intolerant of any other gods - obsessively erasing them from history and neglecting his kingdom in the process.

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