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CLEP Western Civilization II
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CLEP Western Civilization II
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1. Overthrew the provisional government in Russia in 1917 - made null the democratic reforms - and established a dictatorship.

2. Fascist dictator of ITALY (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia - joined Germany in the Axis pact - and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy.Called IL DUCE (the leader)

3. Perfected the INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - for cars.

4. German Lutheran astronomer - discovered that the paths of the planets around the sun are ELLIPTICAL rather that circular.

5. Euphemism used to justify DICTATORSHIP in the name of freedom.

6. Emperor of the Austrian Empire who controlled the Catholic Church closely - granted religious toleration and civic rights to Protestants and Jews - and abolished serfdom. ENLIGHTENED DESPOT.

7. Head of the SS - in charge of extermination.

8. The GREEKS revolted against the OTTOMANS for their independence.The Concert of Europe generally opposed to this.

9. Ship sunk by GERMAN UNRESTRICTED SUBMARINE WARFARE on all ships headed for Britain. This caused Americans to enter the war.

10. Organizations devoted to revolution. Created by radical COMMUNISTS and SOCIALISTS - including Marx.

11. RUSSIA - PRUSSIA - AUSTRIA - AND BRITAIN banded together to defeat the tyrant Napoleon.

12. A military draft

13. A joint stock company that controlled most of India during the period of imperialism. This company controlled the political - social - and economic life in India for more than 200 years.

14. English mathematician and scientist who invented differential calculus and formulated the theory of universal GRAVITY - a theory about the nature of light - and three laws of motion. His treatise on gravitation - presented in Principia Mathematica (1

15. Limited the power of Charles I of England. a) could not declare martial law; b) could not collect taxes; c) could not imprison people without cause; d) soldiers could not be housed without consent. First Parliamentary limit on the power of a king.

16. Wrote THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE. First ever history book to refer to history in strictly SECULAR terms. No God involved.

17. A member of a British political party - founded in 1689 - that was the opposition party to the Whigs and has been known as the Conservative Party since about 1832. Fond of kings and against revolution.

18. Austrian and Prussian emperor declared that they would declare war on France if the ROYAL FAMILY was harmed.

19. Founded the famous British RHODES SCHOLARS program for study in Oxford - England. He wanted students from colonies to study in England - then return and help the empire. RHODESIA (Zimbabwe) named after him.

20. Lasting from 1899 to 1902 - DUTCH colonists and the BRITISH competed for control of territory in South Africa.

21. Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a TELESCOPE to study the stars. Advocated heliocentric theory. Was tried by the INQUISITION and spent his life under house arrest.

22. Idea that the goal of society should be to bring about the greatest happiness for the GREATEST NUMBER of people. Associated with JEREMY BENTHAM.

23. Treaty of non-aggression between Russian and Germany during WW2 to keep it a one front war for Germany. Also called the NAZI-SOVIET PACT.

24. A Flemish surgeon who is considered the father of modern anatomy. He dissected human cadavers. (1514-1564)

25. 1598 - Granted the Huguenots liberty of worship. Revoked by Louis XIV in 1658. He chased the HUGUENOTS out of the country.

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