Reasons for nuclear weapons #4

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National Security Studies covers the ways in which nations use intelligence, diplomacy, and military power to formulate policy, promote regional stability, or take military action in a crisis. Topics include political theory, history, and public policy analysis.

1. Reasons for nuclear weapons #4

Also known as Wilsonianism, this is the idea that a state should make its internal political ideology manifest in its foreign policy. Idealists believe in the possibility of an improved international system: progress. This is a precursor to liberalism, but has no necessary left-liberal valence, nor is it necessarily entirely at odds with realism (see neoconservatism, which was certainly not institutionalist), although self-described realists don't like the moralism of idealist foreign policy.
In the Melian dialogue, part of his history of the Peloponnesian War, Thucydides relates a debate over Athens' threat to invade neutral Melos to demonstrate strength. The Melians present an idealistic appeal to justice, while Athens' argument is starkly realist: relations between states turn on power, not morality. Thucydides appears to take an intermediate position.
In nuclear strategy, a second-strike capability is a country's assured ability to respond to a nuclear attack with powerful nuclear retaliation against the attacker. To have such an ability (and to convince an opponent of its viability) is considered vital in nuclear deterrence, as otherwise the other side might attempt to try to win a nuclear war in one massive first strike against its opponent's own nuclear forces.
Fourth, a country may want nuclear weapons because it lives in fear of its adversaries' present or future conventional strength. This is reason enough for Israel's nuclear weapons, which most authorities assume she either has at hand or can quickly assemble.

Reasons for nuclear weapons #4

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Reasons for nuclear weapons #4

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Without work one finishes nothing. - Ralph Waldo Emerson
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