MCAT Biology 2
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Avg score: 8% • Most missed: “A single covalent bond derived from the coupling of thiol (R- SH) groups.”
MCAT Biology 2
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25 Questions

1. A chemical cycle involving eight steps that completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules to carbon dioxide; occurs within the mitochondrion; the second major stage in cellular respiration.

2. Large conglomerations of proteins - fats - and cholesterol that transport lipids in the bloodstream. Contains a lipid core surrounded by phospholipids and apoproteins. Are classified by their density.

3. Triggering a chain reaction of othe proteins which relay the signal to the specific acting molecule

4. There are four and they are embedded in the surface of the thyroid - function in the homeostasis of calcium ions. They secrete Parathyroid hormone (PTH) - which raises blood levels of calcium and thus has an effect opposite to that of the thyroid hor

5. For very fatty foods - the duodenum releases this hormone to slow down the release of chyme by the stomach. (Fats take longer to digest).

6. A measuring instrument for measuring the vital capacity of the lungs

7. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy

8. Stack of membranes in the cell that modifies - sorts - and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum. Recieves vesicles and their contents from smooth ER.

9. A bundle of modified heart muscle that transmits the cardiac impulse from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles causing them to contract

10. Include bacteria and cyanobacteria - are unicellular organisms with simple cell structure. Have an outermembrane but do not contain membrane bound organelles. There is no true nucleus and the genetic material consists of a single circular molecule of

11. The most abundant type of white blood cell. Neutrophils are phagocytic and tend to self - destruct as they destroy foreign invaders - limiting their life span to a few days.

12. Process by which gametes are produced in male animals

13. (Slow twitch fibers) have a high myoglobin content and many mitochondria. Aerobic respiration and are capable of sustained and vigorous activity.

14. The most common antibodies. passable through the placenta. provides passive immunity. aka gamma globulin

15. Volume of blood pumped by one ventricle per minute; stroke volume x heart rate

16. Any of a group of enzymes (trade name Lactaid) that hydrolyze lactose to glucose and galactose

17. One of the formed elements present in our blood. They function in hemostasis (blood clot formation). They are cell fragments of large multinucleate cells (megakaryocytes) formed in the bone marrow. They appear to be irregular - darkly stained shapes.

18. Of or relating to organisms (as green plants) that can make complex organic nutritive compounds from simple inorganic sources by photosynthesis

19. The endoderm - lined cavity - formed during gastrulation - that develops into the digestive tract of an animal.

20. A cell model that exhibits the most important characteristics of many distinctive cell types

21. Gland that releases its secretions through tubelike structures called ducts

22. Assist in proper folding and transport of polypeptides across the ER - Golgi and beyond. Some are constantly synthesized - others are only synthesized by STRESS (heat shock proteins). If the folding is not successful - then the chaperones facilitate

23. Physical process of breaking up large fat globules into smaller globules - thereby increasing the surface area that enzymes can use to digest the fat.

24. Receives blood from lower limbs and abdominal organs and empties into the posterior part of the right atrium of the heart

25. Drains away fluid so that it does not accumulate in the tissues of our body.

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