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Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Respiratory Emergencies
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Avg score: 60% • Most missed: “The EMT is correctly assessing a patient for subcutaneous emphysema when he:”
In an emergency, EMTs should assess a patient's airway and help them breathe using artificial ventilation. Oxygen is the main treatment for respiratory difficulty. Here are some basic steps to take: Position: If the patient is breathing adequately, use a nonrebreather mask at 12-15 liters per minute. If the patient is not breathing well, have them lie down to receive artificial ventilations. Comfort: Have the patient sit up in a comfortable position. Inhalers: If the patient has an inhaler, you can help them use it after consulting with medical direction.  Respiratory distress, also... Show more
Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Respiratory Emergencies
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25 Questions

1. After you administer a medication through a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) and the patient has inhaled the medication, it is important that the patient:
2. You are by the side of a 77-year-old male patient with a complaint of shortness of breath. Auscultation of his lungs indicates crackles in the bases. In addition, both of his feet are swollen. His SpO2 on room air is 82%. The remainder of his vital signs are pulse, 144; respirations, 26 breaths/min; and blood pressure 168/90, mmHg. The patient reports lower back pain with a history of a 'pinched nerve' in that area. He states that he always has this pain. He has difficulty finishing his sentences without gasping for air. What is the most appropriate care for this patient after initiating oxygen?
3. Auscultation of breath sounds in a patient complaining of shortness of breath reveals wheezing. Which condition is responsible for this finding?
4. You are administering positive pressure ventilation to an elderly male patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which point must you keep in mind as you care for this patient?
5. When administering albuterol to a patient with shortness of breath, the EMT realizes that the therapeutic effect of this medication is achieved by:
6. The EMT is correctly assessing a patient for subcutaneous emphysema when he:
7. Which of these pieces of information would heighten the EMT's suspicion that a child with a persistent cough may have whooping cough?
8. Pursed lip breathing is most commonly observed when a patient has:
9. You are transporting a 4-year-old female patient whom you found sitting in a chair with labored respirations, inspiratory stridor, and drooling. Which sign or symptom would warrant immediate reassessment?
10. You are called to a motor vehicle collision. A 26-year-old female states that she was unrestrained and struck the steering column with her chest after the car she was driving hit another car from behind. She is somewhat confused, and complains of chest pain and difficult and painful breathing when she inhales. Her airway is patent and her breathing is adequate. Assessment of the radial pulse reveals it to be rapid and very irregular and weak. The patient has cyanosis in her nose and fingertips. Her breath sounds are clear and equal, and her skin is moist and pale. The patient informs you that she has asthma and has a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). What is your best initial action in treating this patient?
11. You are starting to assess a patient's breath sounds and have just listened to the upper right back. You would next listen to the:
12. 'see-saw' breathing
13. An acute infectious disease caused by bacterium or a virus that affects the lower respiratory tract and causes lung inflammation resulting in dyspnea is:
14. You have been called to a residence for an 18-year-old female patient with shortness of breath and a history of cystic fibrosis. On scene, you find the patient to be very thin and sick looking. Her airway is patent and breathing adequate, although slightly labored. Her radial pulse is strong, and she has a constant cough, which occasionally produces green- and yellow-colored mucus. Auscultation of the lungs reveals rhonchi to the upper portion of both lungs. Vital signs are pulse, 108; respirations, 20 breaths/min; blood pressure, 98/56 mmHg; and SpO2, 92%. Based on these findings, appropriate care should include:
15. A confused, lethargic, and nonverbal 50-year-old female patient has altered mental status. You are told she has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The primary assessment reveals a respiration rate of 6 breaths/min and cool, clammy skin with cyanosis around the lips. What should be your priority management?
16. When assessing an adult patient with difficulty breathing, which of these signs or symptoms would be of most immediate concern?
17. The EMT indicates that he is properly assessing the patient's breath sounds when he gives which of these instructions to the patient?
18. Which of these statements regarding ventilation in a healthy patient is true?
19. You suspect a patient of being infected with pertussis. While performing the primary assessment, you note a deep cough with clear breath sounds. Her vital signs are pulse, 108; respirations, 16 breaths/min; and SpO2, 96% on room air. Given this scenario, which action by the EMT would be most appropriate?
20. You are delivering positive pressure ventilations to a patient who is breathing poorly and has absent breath sounds in the right lung. Which of these instructions would you provide to those responders who are ventilating the patient?
21. When arriving on scene, a family member directs you to a bedroom where a 62-year-old male patient is in respiratory distress. During the scene size-up, which finding would most strongly suggest that the patient suffers from a chronic respiratory disease?
22. Medical direction has ordered you to assist a patient in taking his metered-dose inhaler (MDI). After placing the patient's lips on the mouthpiece, which instruction would be most appropriate?
23. A 6-year-old female patient is in acute respiratory distress and is still breathing adequately but will not keep the nonrebreather face mask on her face. In this situation, the EMT should:
24. As you enter the living room of an adult patient who called 911 for shortness of breath, you observe the patient sitting upright in a chair with a panicked look on her face, struggling to breathe, with obvious suprasternal retractions. Her breathing rate appears to be fast and her tidal volume poor. You can hear rhonchi from her lungs without the aid of a stethoscope. Once at her side, your initial care should be to:
25. A patient has a medical problem characterized by an increase of interstitial fluid in and around his alveoli. This condition would disrupt normal oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange by creating which type of disturbance?

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