1. What adaptations should one expect of the seed coats of angiosperm species whose seeds are dispersed by frugivorous (fruit-eating) animals, as opposed to angiosperm species whose seeds are dispersed by other means? 1.The exterior of the seed coat should have barbs or hooks. 2.The seed coat should contain secondary compounds that irritate the lining of the animal's mouth. 3.The seed coat should be able to withstand low pH's. 4.The seed coat, upon its complete digestion, should provide vitamins or nutrients to animals. 5.The seed coat should be resistant to the animals' digestive enzymes.

2. Which of the following sex and generation combinations most directly produces the megasporangium of pine ovules?

3. Which structure(s) must pass through the micropyle for successful fertilization to occur in angiosperms?

4. Gymnosperms and angiosperms have the following in common except

5. Which of the following statements correctly describes a portion of the pine life cycle?

6. All of the following cellular structures are functionally important in cells of the gametophytes of both angiosperms and gymnosperms except

7. Generally, wind pollination is most likely to be found in seed plants that grow

8. Many mammals have skins and mucous membranes that are sensitive to phenolic secretions of plants like poison oak (Rhus). These secondary compounds are primarily adaptations that

9. Cutting down rain forests can lead to

10. Which of the following is most important in making the typical seed more resistant to adverse conditions than the typical spore?

11. Which of the following statements is true of the pine life cycle?

12. What is true of stamens, sepals, petals, carpels, and pinecone scales?

13. Where in an angiosperm would you find a megasporangium?

14. Arrange the following structures from largest to smallest, assuming that they belong to two generations of the same angiosperm. 1.ovary 2.ovule 3.egg 4.carpel 5.embryo sac

15. Over human history, which process has been most important in improving the features of plants that have long been used by humans as staple foods?

16. Which of the following are structures of angiosperm gametophytes?

17. Within a gymnosperm megasporangium, what is the correct sequence in which the following should appear during development, assuming that fertilization occurs? 1.sporophyte embryo 2.female gametophyte 3.egg cell 4.megaspore

18. Gymnosperms differ from both extinct and extant (living) ferns because they

19. Which of the following sex and generation combinations most directly produces the integument of a pine seed?

20. Which of the following flower parts develops into the pulp of a fleshy fruit?

21. Which group is noted for the independence of gametophyte and sporophyte generations from each other?

22. Which of the following can be found in gymnosperms?

23. A researcher has developed two stains for use with seed plants. One stains sporophyte tissue blue; the other stains gametophyte tissue red. If the researcher exposes pollen grains to both stains, and then rinses away the excess stain, what should occur?

24. Which of the following is a true statement about angiosperm carpels?

25. The fruit of the mistletoe, a parasitic angiosperm, is a one-seeded berry. In members of the genus Viscum, the outside of the seed is viscous (sticky), which permits the seed to adhere to surfaces, such as the branches of host plants or the beaks of birds. What should be expected of the fruit if the viscosity of Viscum seeds is primarily an adaptation for dispersal rather than an adaptation for infecting host plant tissues?