All The Useful Cable Tester Interview Questions & Answers

Question 1. What is broadband Connection?

This type of connection gives continuous high-speed internet. In this type, if we log off from the internet for any reason then there is no need to log in again.

Question 2. Explain the key elements of protocols?

- Syntax: It is the format of the data. That means in which order the data is displayed.
- Semantics: Describes the meaning of the bits in each section.
- Timing: At what time the data is to be sent and how fast it is to be sent.

Question 3. Explain me piggybacking?

In data transmission if the sender sends any data frame to the receiver then the receiver should send the acknowledgment to the sender. The receiver will temporarily delay (waits for the network layer to send the next data packet) the acknowledgment and hooks it to the next outgoing data frame, this process is called as Piggybacking

Question 4. Tell us what is protocol?

A set of instructions or rules or guidelines that are used in establishing communications between computers of a network is called as Protocol.

Question 5. Explain what is HTTPs and what port does it use?

HTTPS is a Secure HTTP. HTTPS is used for secure communication over a computer network. HTTPS provides authentication of websites which prevents unwanted attacks.

In a bi-directional communication, HTTPS protocol encrypts the communication so that tampering of the data gets avoided. With the help of a SSL certificate, it verifies if the requested server connection is a valid connection or not. HTTPS uses TCP with port 443.

Question 6. Explain what is mesh Topology?

In a Mesh Topology, each device of the network is connected to all other devices of the network. Mesh Topology uses Routing and Flooding techniques for data transmission.

The advantage of mesh topology is if one link breaks then it does not affect the whole network. And the disadvantage is, huge cabling is required and it is expensive.

Question 7. Explain me what is Data Encapsulation?

In a computer network, to enable data transmission from one computer to another, the network devices send messages in the form of packets. These packets are then added with the IP header by OSI reference model layer.

The Data Link Layer encapsulates each packet in a frame which contains the hardware address of the source and the destination computer. If a destination computer is on the remote network then the frames are routed through a gateway or router to the destination computer.

Question 8. Explain what is star Topology?

In Star Topology, there is a central controller or hub to which every node or device is connected through a cable. In this topology, the devices are not linked to each other. If a device needs to communicate with the other, then it has to send the signal or data to the central hub. And then the hub sends the same data to the destination device.

The advantage of the star topology is that if a link breaks then only that particular link is affected. The whole network remains undisturbed. The main disadvantage of the star topology is that all the devices of the network are dependent on a single point (hub). If the central hub gets failed, then the whole network gets down.

Question 9. What is metropolitan Area Network (MAN)?

It is a powerful network type than LAN. The area covered by MAN is a small town, city etc. A huge server is used to cover such a large span of area for connection.

Question 10. Tell me what is HTTP and what port does it use?

HTTP is HyperText Transfer Protocol and it is responsible for web content. Many web pages are using HTTP to transmit the web content and allow the display and navigation of HyperText.

It is the primary protocol and port used here is TCP port 80.

Question 11. What is peer-to-peer networks (P2P)?

When two or more computers are connected together to share resources without the use of a central server is termed as a peer-to-peer network. Computers in this type of network act as both server and client. Generally used in small companies as they are not expensive.

Question 12. Tell us what is unicasting?

When a piece of information or a packet is sent from a particular source to a specified destination then it is called as Unicasting.

Question 13. What is access VPN?

Access VPN's provides connectivity to the mobile users and telecommuters. It is an alternative option for dial-up connections or ISDN connections. It provides low-cost solutions and a wide range of connectivity.

Question 14. What is transport Layer?

It receives the data from the Application Layer which is above Transport Layer. It acts as a backbone between the host's system connected with each other and it mainly concerns about the transmission of data. TCP and UDP are mainly used as a Transport Layer protocols.

Question 15. What is personal Area Network (PAN)?

It is a smallest and basic network type that is often used at home. It is a connection between the computer and another device such as phone, printer, modem tablets etc

Question 16. What is anycasting?

Sending the datagrams from a source to the nearest device among the group of servers which provide the same service as the source is termed as Anycasting.

Question 17. What is Wi-Fi?

It is a wireless internet connection between the devices. It uses radio waves to connect to the devices or gadgets.

Question 18. Do you know what is the difference between Internet, Intranet, and Extranet?

The terminologies Internet, Intranet, and Extranet are used to define how the applications in the network can be accessed. They use similar TCP/IP technology but differ in terms of access levels for each user inside the network and outside the network.

Internet: Applications are accessed by anyone from any location using the web.

Intranet: It allows limited access to the users in the same organization.

Extranet: External users are allowed or provided with access to use the network application of the organization.

Question 19. Tell me what are Routers?

The router is a network device which connects two or more network segments. The router is used to transfer information from the source to destination.

Routers send the information in terms of data packets and when these data packets are forwarded from one router to another router then the router reads the network address in the packets and identifies the destination network.

Question 20. What is intranet VPN?

They are useful for connecting remote offices using shared infrastructure with the same policy as a private network.

Question 21. Tell me what is networking?

The design and construction of a network are termed as networking.

Question 22. Explain what is broadcasting?

Sending a packet to each device of the network is termed as broadcasting.

Question 23. Tell me what is the full form of IDEA?

IDEA stands for International Data Encryption Algorithm.

Question 24. What is medium?

This is nothing but the medium used by the computers for communication.

Question 25. What is the router?

The router is nothing but a switch which processes the signal/traffic using routing protocols.

Question 26. Tell me what is network?

A set of computers or devices connected together with a communication path to share data.

Question 27. What is network or Internet Layer?

This layer sends the packets across the network. Packets mainly contain source & destination IP addresses and actual data to be transmitted.

Question 28. What is what is Sanity Test (or) Build test?

Verifying the critical (important) functionality of the software on a new build to decide whether to carry further testing or not is termed as Sanity Test.

Question 29. Tell me what is full Duplex?

Data transferring happens in both directions that too simultaneously.

Eg: Two lane road where traffic flows in both the directions, communication through telephone etc.

Question 30. What is router / Gateway?

A device/computer/node that is connected to different networks is termed as a Gateway or Router. The basic difference between these two is that Gateway is used to control the traffic of two contradictory networks whereas router controls the traffic of similar networks.

Question 31. Explain to me the layers of OSI model?

OSI model stands for Open System Interconnection It is a framework which guides the applications how they can communicate in a network.

OSI model has seven layers. They are listed below,

- Physical Layer (Deals with transmission and reception of unstructured data through a physical medium)
- Data Link Layer (Helps in transferring error-free data frames between nodes)
- Network Layer (Decides the physical path that should be taken by the data as per the network conditions)
- Transport Layer (Ensures that the messages are delivered in sequence and without any loss or duplication)
- Session Layer (Helps in establishing a session between processes of different stations)
- Presentation Layer (Formats the data as per the need and presents the same to Application layer)
- Application Layer (Serves as the mediator between Users and processes of ap

Question 32. Do you know what is a Network?

A network is a set of devices connected to each other using a physical transmission medium.

Example: A Computer Network is a group of computers connected with each other to communicate and share information and resources like hardware, data, and software across each other.

In a network, nodes are used to connect two or more networks.

Question 33. Tell me what is meant by 127.0.0.1 and local host?

IP address 127.0.0.1, is reserved for loopback or local host connections. These networks are usually reserved for the biggest customers or some of the original members of the Internet. To identify any connection issue, the initial step is to ping the server and check if it is responding.

If there is no response from the server then there are various causes like the network is down or the cable needs to be replaced or network card is not in a good condition. 127.0.0.1 is a loopback connection on the Network Interface Card (NIC) and if you are able to ping this server successfully, then it means that the hardware is in a good shape and condition.

127.0.0.1 and local host are the same things in most of the computer network functioning.

Question 34. What is local Area Network (LAN)?

LAN is used in small offices and internet cafe to connect a small group of computers to each other. Usually, they are used to transfer a file or for playing the game in a network.

Question 35. Do you know what is WiMAX?

It is the most advanced type of internet connection which is more featured than Wi-Fi. It is nothing but the high-speed and advanced type of broadband connection.

Question 36. Tell us how you distinguish a symptom vs. a cause when testing?

Often times within the QA process, test cases fail. But why are they failing? This can be tricky. A great QA engineer is able to provide exact reasons to the developer, rather than simply saying a test case 'failed'.

Question 37. What is server-based networks?

In this type of network, a central server is located to store the data, applications etc of the clients. The server computer provides the security and network administration to the network.

Question 38. Tell me what is multicasting?

Sending one copy of data from a single sender to multiple clients or receivers (selected clients) of the networks which are in need of such data.

Question 39. Explain Communication and Transmission?

Through Transmission the data gets transferred from source to destination (Only one way). It is treated as the physical movement of data.

Communication means the process of sending and receiving data between two media (data is transferred between source and destination in both ways).

Question 40. Explain me what are the layers in OSI Reference Models? Describe each layer briefly?

- #1) Physical Layer (Layer 1): Physical Layer converts data bits into electrical impulse or radio signals. E.g. Ethernet.

- #2) Data Link Layer (Layer 2): At Data Link layer, data packets are encoded and decoded into bits and it provides a node to node data transfer. Data Link Layer also detects the errors occurred at Layer 1.

- #3) Network Layer (Layer 3): Network Layer transfers variable length data sequence from one node to another node in the same network. This variable length data sequence is also known as 'Datagrams'.

- #4) Transport Layer (Layer 4): It transfers data between nodes and also provides acknowledgment of successful data transmission. It keeps track of transmission and sends the segments again if the transmission fails.

OSI Reference Model

- #5) Session Layer (Layer 5): Session Layer manages and controls the connections between computers. It establishes, coordinates, exchange and terminates the connections between local and the remote applications.

- #6) Presentation Layer (Layer 6): It is also called as 'Syntax Layer'. Layer 6 transforms the data into the form in which the application layer accepts.

- #7) Application Layer (Layer 7): This is the last layer of OSI Reference Model and is the one which is close to the end user. Both end-user and application layer interacts with the software application. This layer provides services for email, file transfer etc.

Question 41. Tell us what is Network Topology?

Network Topology is a physical layout of the computer network and it defines how the computers, devices, cables etc are connected to each other.

Question 42. What is application Layer?

This is the top layer in TCP/IP model. It includes processes which use Transport Layer Protocol to transmit the data to their destination. There are different Application Layer Protocols such as HTTP, FTP, SMTP, SNMP protocols etc.

Question 43. Explain me what is DNS?

Domain Name Server (DNS), in a non-professional language and we can call it as Internet's phone book. All the public IP addresses and their hostnames are stored in the DNS and later it translates into a corresponding IP address.

For a human being, it is easy to remember and recognize the domain name, however, the computer is a machine that does not understand the human language and they only understand the language of IP addresses for data transfer.

There is a 'Central Registry' where all the domain names are stored and it gets updated on a periodic basis. All the internet service providers and different host companies usually interact with this central registry to get the updated DNS details.

Question 44. Do you know what are ipconfig and ifconfig?

Ipconfig stands for Internet Protocol Configuration and this command is used on Microsoft Windows to view and configure the network interface.

The command ipconfig is useful for displaying all TCP/IP network summary information currently available on a network. It also helps to modify the DHCP protocol and DNS setting.

Ifconfig (Interface Configuration) is a command that is used on Linux, Mac, and UNIX operating system. It is used to configure, control the TCP/IP network interface parameters from CLI i.e. Command Line Interface. It allows you to see the IP addresses of these network interfaces.

Question 45. What is wide Area Network (WAN)?

It is more complex than LAN and covers a large span of area typically a large physical distance. The Internet is the largest WAN which is spread across the world. WAN is not owned by any single organization but it has distributed ownership.

Question 46. Tell us various types of networks based on their sizes?

Size of the Network is defined as the geographic area and the number of computers covered in it. Based on the size of the network they are classified as below,

Based on the size of the Network they are classified as below,

- Local Area Network (LAN): A network with a minimum of two computers to a maximum of thousands of computers within an office or a building is termed as LAN.Generally, it works for a single site where people can share resources like printers, data storage etc.
- Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): It is larger than LAN and used to connect various LAN's across small regions, a city, campus of colleges or universities etc which in turn forms a bigger network.
- Wide Area Network (WAN): Multiple LAN's and MAN's connected together form a WAN. It covers a wider area like a whole country or world.

Question 47. Do you know what is node?

The devices or the computers connected to the links are named as nodes.

Question 48. What is topology?

This deals with how the computers or nodes are arranged in the network. The computers are arranged physically or logically.

Question 49. Explain me bus Topology?

In Bus Topology, all the devices of the network are connected to a common cable (also called as the backbone). As the devices are connected to a single cable, it is also termed as Linear Bus Topology.

The advantage of bus topology is that it can be installed easily. And the disadvantage is that if the backbone cable breaks then the whole network will be down.

Question 50. Explain me in how many ways the data is represented and what are they?

Data transmitted through the networks' comes in different ways like text, audio, video, images, numbers etc.

- Audio: It is nothing but the continuous sound which is different from text and numbers.
- Video: Continuous visual images or a combination of images.
- Images: Every image is divided into pixels. And the pixels are represented using bits. Pixels may vary in size based on the image resolution.
- Numbers: These are converted into binary numbers and are represented using bits.
- Text: Text is also represented as bits.

Question 51. Tell us how well do you handle ambiguity?

Test cases are not always straight-forward and QA Engineers will need to act on their personal judgement. They need to feel comfortable with ambiguity.

Question 52. Tell me how can a network be certified as an effective network? What are the factors affecting them?

A network can be certified as an effective network based on below-mentioned points,

- Performance: A network's performance is based on its transmitted time and response time. The factors affecting the performance of a network are hardware, software, transmission medium types and the number of users using the network.
- Reliability: Reliability is nothing but measuring the probability of failures occurred in a network and the time taken by it to recover from it. The factors affecting the same are the frequency of failure and recovery time from failure.
- Security: Protecting the data from viruses and unauthorized users. The factors affecting the security are viruses and users who do not have permission to access the network.

Question 53. Tell me what is ring Topology?

In Ring Topology, each device of the network is connected to two other devices on either side which in turn forms a loop. Data or Signal in ring topology flow only in a single direction from one device to another and reaches the destination node.

The advantage of ring topology is that it can be installed easily. Adding or deleting devices to the network is also easy. The main disadvantage of ring topology is the data flows only in one direction. And a break at a node in the network can affect the whole network.

Question 54. Tell me what is simplex?

Data transferring which takes place only in one direction is called Simplex. In Simplex mode, the data gets transferred either from sender to receiver or from receiver to sender.

Eg: Radio signal, the print signal given from computer to printer etc.

Question 55. What is link?

The physical medium or the communication path through which the devices are connected in a network is called as a Link.

Question 56. What is extranet VPN?

Using shared infrastructure over an intranet, suppliers, customers, and partners are connected using dedicated connections.

Question 57. Do you know what is NIC?

NIC stands for Network Interface Card. It is also known as Network Adapter or Ethernet Card. It is in the form of add-in card and is installed in a computer so that the computer can be connected to a network.

Each NIC has a MAC address which helps in identifying the computer on a network.

Question 58. What is network Interface Layer?

It is the lowest layer of TCP/IP model. It transfers the packets between different hosts. It includes encapsulation of IP packets into frames, mapping IP addresses to physical hardware devices etc.

Question 59. Do you know what is OSI reference model?

Open System Interconnection, the name itself suggest that it is a reference model which defines how applications can communicate with each other over a networking system.

It also helps to understand the relationship between networks and defines the process of communication in a network.