All The Useful Ubuntu Interview Questions & Answers (Incl. Ubuntu Commands)

What is Ubuntu?
Ubuntu is free, open-source Linux operating system, capable of web surfing, document creation, email read and more. 

The Ubuntu system is highly customizable and built on the ideas of Ubuntu Manifesto: The software should be available without any cost, the software tool should be available in the local language of the user and should be used despite any disabilities, and the freedom to customize the software according to their fit. 

Q 1. How do I check my current version of Ubuntu?

To check the current version of Ubuntu, we have to follow these steps:
Open the terminal
Put the command lsb_release -a
A message will be followed up like this:

Example:
                                                   
$ lsb_release - a

No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 17.10.3 LTS
Release: 17.10
Codename: trusty

(The release and description numbers are only provided for example here.)

Q 2. What are the Minimum System Requirements to install Ubuntu?
The minimum system requirements for Ubuntu are as following:

2 GB RAM
2 GHz dual-core processor
25 GB of hard-drive space

1024x768 screen resolution VGA capable
Either a DVD/CD drive or a USB port for the installer media
Internet access (additional)
 

Q 3. Explain the difference between Windows and Ubuntu.

Windows vs    Ubuntu

1.    Users have to pay to use Windows. -    Free and available as open source.
2.    Supports executable files.    - Does not support executable files.
3.    Doesn't support server.    - Can work as a server.
4.    Doesn't support multiple desktop environment.    - Supports multiple desktop environments.
5.    Doesn't has its own software manager.    - It has its own software manager.

Q 4. Why is it called Ubuntu?
Ubuntu is a South African ethical ideology which comes from the Xhosa and Zulu languages and roughly translates as 'humanity towards others.' As the platform is based on free software and shares the belief of connectivity to all, the name 'Ubuntu' is best suited for it.

Q 5. What are the basic commands in Ubuntu?
Ubuntu has a long list of basic commands. Here is the list of most used ones:

Sudo- to be used for a command that requires root permissions
ls (list) - terminal will show you all the files and folders of the directory
cd - Prime command that always is in use in terminal
pwd - displays the full pathname of the current working directory
cp - allows copying a file
mv - allows moving a file
rm - allows removing a specified file
mkdir- Used to create a new directory
history - displays all of the previous commands
df - presents information of all mounted filesystems disk space usage
du - shows the size of a directory and subdirectories
free - allows us to see the amount of open space available in the system
uname- a- Offers a wide range of necessary information regarding system
top - displays the process utilizing the most system resources at any given time
info - displays a manual page with precise information

Q 6. How do I get to root in Ubuntu?
Running root commands with Sudo is the most preferred way to root in Ubuntu. We can follow this process to root in Ubuntu.

Open a terminal window using Ctrl+Alt+T
Type the command sudo before the rest of your command
Put the command gksudo before running a command that opens a program with a GUI
Now simulate a root environment
Finally, give sudo access to another user
 

Q 7. How do I get help in Ubuntu terminal?
We can use the following ways to get help in the Ubuntu terminal.
Use of - h or - help command
Using tab completion on the Shell
Use the help command by pressing Ctrl+ Alt+ T and then type help
Using the man pages
Using the info command
Using the relevant command

Q 8. What is sudo command in Ubuntu?
Sudo or 'superuser do!'used to run commands in Ubuntu with elevated privileges, which are required to perform specific administrative tasks.

Q 9. How to use mkdir command in Ubuntu?
The mkdir command is used in Ubuntu to create new directories. The syntax to use the mkdir command is described below:

Example
                                                   
mkdir [OPTION]... DIRECTORY.
                                              

Q 10. How do you go to a directory in Ubuntu?
There are different commands to access the directory in Ubuntu.
cd /- To navigate the root directory
cd or cd ~ - To navigate through the home directory
cd- To navigate up one directory level
cd -- To navigate to the previous directory

Q 11. What is Ubuntu and how does it work?
Based on Linux, Ubuntu is free to use the desktop operating system. The operating system is primarily intended for personal computers but can be used on the server also. Ubuntu employs GNU Network Object Model Environment, pronounced gah-NOHMor GNOME, which is a graphical user interface and set of applications on the desktop for Linux.

Q 12. What is the latest version of Ubuntu?
The latest LTS version of Ubuntu is Ubuntu 20.04 LTS “Focal Fossa,” which was released on April 23, 2020. Canonical releases new stable versions of Ubuntu every six months, and new Long Term Support versions every two years.

Q 13. How do I install Ubuntu on my PC?
We have to follow these steps to install Ubuntu in PC:
Put the Ubuntu DVD in drive 7 restart the computer
Select the language. Either choose Try Ubuntu or Install Ubuntu depending on your preference
Select the Detect Keyboard Layout and Continue
Choose Normal installation' or 'Minimal installation' according to your choice and continue
Choose whether you want to install Ubuntu alongside another operating system or delete the existing one and replace it with Ubuntu
Now click Install Now and Continue
Select your current location if you are connected with internet
Put your preferred location
Choose the background installation
Select the popped up Restart option to end the process

Q 14. Which is the best version of Ubuntu?

Default Ubuntu (Ubuntu GNOME) The default version of Ubuntu is available in Ubuntu Desktop and Ubuntu Server versions.
Kubuntu. After the Default Ubuntu flavor, Kubuntu is the second most popular flavor. ...
Lubuntu.
Ubuntu Budgie.
Xubuntu. 
Ubuntu MATE.
Ubuntu Studio.

Q 15. What are some New features in Ubuntu 17.10?
Here is a list of new features added to Ubuntu 17.10.
As the default desktop, GNOME replaces Unity
Default display server Wayland
Default Display Manager GDM
WiFi Captive Portals support
Better support for Bluetooth speakers
Performance improvement with Linux Kernel 4.13

Q 16. What is the Ubuntu terminal?
Ubuntu terminal is an interface in which users can type and execute text-based commands. It is used because of faster work completion as compared to graphical applications and menus.

Some other important Ubuntu questions:

17. How do I create a service in Ubuntu?
18. How to start services in Ubuntu?
19. How to open a file in Ubuntu terminal?
20. How do you create a new file in Ubuntu?
21. How to open csv file in ubuntu command?
22. How to use repo command in ubuntu?
23. How to check opencv version ubuntu command?
24. How do I reboot Ubuntu?
25. How to use sudo command in ubuntu?
26. How do you create an empty file in Ubuntu?
27. How to check ram size in ubuntu command?
28. How do I free up disk space on Ubuntu?
29. How to use telnet command in ubuntu?
30. How to use chmod command in ubuntu?
31. How to use find command in ubuntu?
32. How do I change the root password in Ubuntu terminal?
33. How to install ip command in ubuntu?
34. How do I delete a user account in Ubuntu?
35. How do I change the user in Ubuntu?