Kaplan Turbine topics include: Kaplan turbine velocity diagrams, kaplan turbine work and efficiency. The Kaplan turbine is a propeller-type water turbine that generates electricity from flowing water. It was developed in 1913 by Austrian professor Viktor Kaplan.  Kaplan turbines are used for power generation and are generally efficient over a range of flow rates. They are used for low head and high flow conditions and are suitable for low-pressure hydropower projects.  Here are some characteristics of Kaplan turbines: Axial-flow turbines: The direction of flow does not vary while crossing... Show more

Kaplan Turbine topics include: Kaplan turbine velocity diagrams, kaplan turbine work and efficiency.

The Kaplan turbine is a propeller-type water turbine that generates electricity from flowing water. It was developed in 1913 by Austrian professor Viktor Kaplan. 

Kaplan turbines are used for power generation and are generally efficient over a range of flow rates. They are used for low head and high flow conditions and are suitable for low-pressure hydropower projects. 

Here are some characteristics of Kaplan turbines:
Axial-flow turbines: The direction of flow does not vary while crossing the rotor.
Variable pitch vanes and adjustable runner blades: The adjustable runner blades allow the turbine to work smoothly at vortices and shocks during partial load conditions.
Inward flow reaction turbine: The working fluid changes pressure as it moves through the turbine and gives up its energy.
Overpressure turbines: The water pressure decreases as it moves through the turbine.
Double regulation system: Provides high efficiency over a wide range of configurations.
Fish-friendly structure: Improves the survival rate of migrating species.
Water-lubricated bearings and water-filled hubs: Prevent water pollution. 
 

Kaplan turbines have 3 to 6 blades, depending on the type and head. They have efficiencies of up to 93%. 

Some advantages of Kaplan turbines include:
Works more efficiently with a low water head and high flow rates
Smaller in size and easier to construct
High efficiency
Can be designed for any site to operate with an efficiency of above 90%
Low maintenance 

Some disadvantages of Kaplan turbines include:
The shaft inside the turbine can only be positioned vertically
Cannot function with a low flow rate
Cavitation 

Related Tests:

Hydraulic Machines Practice Test: Francis Turbine

Hydraulic Machines Practice Test: Radial Flow Reaction Turbines

Hydraulic Machines Practice Test: Pelton Turbine

Hydraulic Machines Practice Test: Turbines

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Hydraulic Machines Practice Test: Kaplan Turbine

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25 Questions

1. The outlet of the Kaplan turbine is through _______

PumpDraft tubeMoving pipelineVane Blades

2. Which of the following efficiencies for Kaplan Turbine is described as the ratio between the power produced by runner to the power supplied by water at the inlet?

Volumetric efficiencyOverall efficiencyMechanical efficiencyHydraulic efficiency

3. Which of the following efficiencies for Kaplan Turbine is described as the ratio between total quantity of water over runner blades to total quantity of water supplied to turbine?

Volumetric efficiencyHydraulic efficiencyMechanical efficiencyOverall efficiency

4. A Kaplan turbine is used in ________

Pressure dragTurbomachineryAerodynamicsAutomobiles

5. In which of the following type of runners in a Kaplan turbine the velocity of whirl at inlet is smaller than the blade velocity?

Fast RunnerMedium RunnerSuch a case is practically impossibleSlow Runner

6. A student reports the volumetric efficiency of a Kaplan turbine to be 95%. If he measures the volume flow rate through the turbine is 40 m³/s. What is the flow rate of water over the runner blades (in m³/s)?

42.11384540

7. In this type of low head turbine, the guide vanes are fixed to the hub of the turbine and are not adjustable. What is this type of turbine called?

Kaplan TurbineFrancis turbinePropeller TurbinePelton turbine

8. What type of turbine is Kaplan?

HydroEnergyReactionImpulse

9. The flow ratio of a Kaplan turbine is given as 0.7. The available head is 30 m. The outer diameter of the runner is 3.5 m and the hub diameter is 2 m. Find the volume of water flowing through the turbine per second (m³/s)?

11112590168

10. A Kaplan turbine requires a speed ratio of 2. The available head of the turbine is 5 m. What should be the blade velocity of the turbine such that a speed ratio of 2 is maintained (take g = 10 m/s²)?

63.25 m/s50.00 m/s75.75 m/s23.35 m/s

11. The power output of Kaplan turbine ranges from__________

2000 to 3000 MW5 to 200 MW5000 and above1000 to 2000 MW

12. The power available at the shaft of a Kaplan turbine is 0.75 MW. The volume flow rate of water in 15 m³/s, whirl velocity at inlet is 12 m/s and blade velocity is 5 m/s. Find the mechanical efficiency (in %)?

91.3383.3375.0066.66

13. In the inlet velocity triangle of a Kaplan turbine, α1 = 45^o. The velocity of flow at inlet = 10 m/s. Find the whirl velocity of water at the inlet of Kaplan turbine?

12.5 m/s15 m/s5 m/s10 m/s

14. The desired hydraulic efficiency of a Kaplan turbine is 98% at a whirl velocity of 20 m/s and a head of 60 m. What should be the blade velocity of the turbine at inlet in m/s? Take g = 10 m/s₂.

40308060

15. Kaplan turbine is needed to improve ________

Change volumeDecrease temperatureIncrease PressureIncrease efficiency

16. In a Kaplan turbine experiment, the volumetric efficiency of a given turbine is 91%. If volume flow rate of water in given to be 35 m³/s, find the volume of water (m³) NOT flowing over the runner blades per second?

3.153.304.052.55

17. The relative velocity of water at the inlet of the Kaplan turbine is 7 m/s. β1 = 75^o. The whirl velocity of the water at inlet is 10 m/s. Find the blade velocity of the turbine?

40 m/s60 m/s36.124 m/s26.124 m/s

18. The Kaplan Turbine is an evolution of ________

Pelton wheelCurtis turbineParsons turbineFrancis turbine

19. Which of the following efficiencies for Kaplan Turbine is defined as the ratio between the power available at the shaft of the turbine to the power produced by the runner?

Mechanical efficiencyHydraulic efficiencyVolumetric efficiencyOverall efficiency

20. The velocity of the flow through the Kaplan turbine is 25 m/s. The available head of the turbine is 60 m. Find the flow ratio of the turbine (take g = 10 m/s²).

0.750.690.720.65

21. In a Kaplan turbine, what is the direction of water flow?

Radial and then axialTangential and then axialAxial and then axialTangential and then radial

22. For the figure given below, find the missing terms in the order of (1), (2), (3) and (4).

Vw1, β1, α1, Vr1Vw1, α1, β1, Vr1Vr1, β1, α1, Vw1Vr1, α1, β1, Vw1

23. Kaplan turbine works on________

Electrical energyChemical energyThermal energyHydro energy

24. Kaplan turbine is an ______ reaction turbine

Outward flowRadialAxialInward flow

25. For a Kaplan turbine, the whirl velocity at inlet of the turbine is given to be 18 m/s. The blade velocity is given as 25 m/s. What is the hydraulic efficiency for a head of 50 m. Take g = 10 m/s²?

90%70%80%98%