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MCAT Biology 2
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MCAT Biology 2
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25 Questions

1. A cell in the basal layer of the epidermis that produces melanin under the control of the melanocyte - stimulating hormone

2. Generate and degrade H2O2 in performing various metabolic functions transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen and they produce H2O2. Use O2 to break down fatty acids that can be sent to mitochondria

3. (genetics) an organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number

4. A capsule partly surrounds a cluster of capillaries (called glomerulus) - blood passes thru the capillaries and is filtered by squeezing the fluid part into the bowmans capsule and on into a tubule - most h2o & other needed substances are reabsorbed

5. A coenzyme that is tightly bound to an enzyme. A prosthetic group - unlike a cosubstrate - remains bound to a specific site of the enzyme throughout the catalytic cycle of the enzyme.

6. A muscle that is connected at either or both ends to a bone and so move parts of the skeleton

7. Hard - dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone

8. Mucus - secreting membrane lining all body cavities or passages that communicate with the exterior

9. System of tubules that provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers to facilitate the propagation of an action potential.

10. Similar structure to ATP but has only 2 phosphate groups. Partly charged

11. The influence of a specific group of cells on the differentiation of another group of cells

12. A physiological reaction to threat that in which the autonomic nervous system mobilizes the organisms for attacking (fight) or fleeing (flight) and enemy

13. Binds more oxygen in red blood cells than adult hemoglobin - to aide in transferring oxygen across placenta.

14. Have cell walls - a cell membrane - cytoplasm - ribosomes - and sometimes flagella. Also respiration occurs at the cell emebrane.

15. The exterior protective or supporting structure or shell of many animals (especially invertebrates) including bony or horny parts such as nails or scales or hoofs

16. Each enzyme catalyzes only one kind of reaction

17. The external pouch that contains the testes

18. An extensible membrane enclosing the contractile substance of a muscle fiber

19. Stimulates cortex of the adrenal glands to make cortisol/ cortisone which is needed in stressful situations

20. Enzyme that is produced by the kidney; important for blood pressure and volume regulation; catalyzes the conversion of circulating angiotensinogen to angiotensin I

21. Enzymatically converts glucose through several steps (9)into pyruvic acid and provides a small amount of ATP

22. Source: Adrenal cortex - Target Tissues: Kidneys - Function: Raise blood volume - bp - and salts in blood - Stimulus to release: low bp - blood volume - or low salt concentration - Regulated: Negative feedback - ANF hypothalamus hierarchy

23. 30 different nucleoporins bind together and form the a passage out of the nucleus. Nuclear fibers increase selectivity.

24. A type of cell death in which the cell uses specialized cellular machinery to kill itself

25. Polar hormones incapable of permeating the cell membrane that bind to surface receptors and act through secondary messengers

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