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MCAT Biology 3
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MCAT Biology 3
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25 Questions

1. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group

2. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine

3. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain

4. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.

5. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells

6. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea

7. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells

8. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)

9. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane

10. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria

11. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.

12. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction

13. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane

14. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).

15. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium

16. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms

17. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine

18. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure

19. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures

20. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience

21. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group

22. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine

23. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH

24. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine

25. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.

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