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MCAT Hormones
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MCAT Hormones
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25 Questions

1. Posterior Pituitary -> Breast & Uterus: milk letdown and uteral contractions

2. Thyroid: in the child it is necessary for physical and mental development; in the adult - it increases metabolic rate and temperature

3. BETA Cells of The Islets of Langerhans In The Pancreas: decreases blood [glucose]; increases glycogen and fat storage; it is activated at high blood [glucose] and is absent or ineffective in diabetes melitus

4. Adrenal Medulla: sympathetic stress response (rapid)

5. ALPHA Cells of The Islets of Langerhans In The Pancreas: secreted at low blood [glucose] and results in an increase in blood [glucose] and decrease in glycogen and fat storage

6. ParaThyroids -> Bone - Kidney - Small Intestine: raises serum [Ca2+]

7. Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) & Aldosterone

8. Glucagon (alpha) & Insulin (beta) & Somatostatin (sigma)

9. Posterior Pituitary -> Kidney: water retention

10. Thyroid C Cells -> Bone - Kidney - Small Intestine: lowers serum [Ca2+]

11. Anterior Pituitary -> Ovary / Testes: follicle development or spermatogenesis

12. SIGMA Cells of The Islets of Langerhans In The Pancreas: inhibits many digestive processes

13. Anterior Pituitary -> Ovary/ Testes: ovulation or testosterone synthesis

14. Anterior Pituitary -> Mammary Gland: milk production

15. Glucagon (polypeptide derivative) - Epinepherine (amino acid derivative) - Cortisol (steroid / glucocorticoid)

16. Adrenal Cortex: not normally important - but an adrenal tumor can overproduce these - causing masculinization or feminization.

17. Anterior Pituitary -> Adrenal Gland: increases growth and secretory activity of adrenal cortex

18. Adrenal Medulla -> Kidney: increased Na+ reabsorption to increase blood pressure

19. Oxytocin - Prolactin - Progesterone - Estrogen - LH - FSH

20. Ovaries / Placenta: leads to endometrial secretion - pregnancy

21. Anterior Pituitary: increases bone and muscle growth - increases cell turnover rate

22. Kidney -> Bone Marrow: increases RBC synthesis

23. Oxytocin and Prolactin

24. Adrenal Cortex: results in a longer - term stress response; increased blood [glucose]; increased protein catabolism; decreased inflammation and immunity; many other

25. Heart -> Kidney: increases urination to decrease blood pressure

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