The astronomer Johannes Kepler recorded a series of observations for the position of Mars in the sky and the distance of Mars from the sun at various times. Which of the following claims contains a conception that colligates (in William Whewell's sense of 'colligate') Kepler's observations of the position of Mars relative to the sun at various times?

MCQs on the origins and development of modern science and how that is distinguished from pseudo-science; the importance of deduction and induction and their separate methodologies; the process of the scientific method; scientific change and scientific revolutions, particularly that of Thomas Kuhn; and selected philosophical problems in the basic sciences, such as absolute space, biological classification, the modular mind, and recent discoveries of neuroscience.