Python 1 Certification Test Review (Notes)

%a
abbreviated weekday name (ex. sun, mon, tues)

%A
full weekday name (ex. sunday, monday, tuesday)

%d
day of the month as a zero padded decimal (ex. 01, 02, 03)

%b
abbreviated month name (ex. jan, feb, dec)

%B
full month name (ex. january, february, december)

%m
month as a zero padded decimal (ex. 01, 02, 03)

%y
2 decimal year number (without century) (ex. 00, 01, 99)

%Y
4 decimal year number (with century) (ex. 1900, 1999, 2015)

%H
hour in 24-hour clock (zero-padded) (ex. 00, 01, 23)

%I
hour in 12-hour clock (zero-padded) (ex. 00, 01, 12)

%p
am or pm (ex. AM, PM)

%M
minutes as zero-padded decimal (ex. 00, 01, 59)

%S
seconds as zero-padded decimal (ex. 00, 01, 59)

when declaring variables in python, a data type must be specified
false

python makes the distinction between integers and floating variables
true

when setting a boolean variable, the value must start with a capital letter
true

"last-name" and "last name" are improper variable name declaration?
true

how would you illiterate through a list in python
for in loop

how do you add a string to a list?
.append()

how do you sort a list of strings?
.sort()

when using an if/elif/else statement, declaring a function, while loop, for in loop, etc. what is needed at the end?
:

what is the correct way to find the index?
print(listName[:])

how do you step in an index?
print(listName[::])

how do you go backwards in an index?
[-1] or any negative number

is this an incorrect syntax? onSale=true
yes

a=5
b=5.5
c=7
a!=int(b)?
false

a=5
b=5.5
c=7
a<=b
true

a=5
b=5.5
c=7
c>=int(b)
true

in python, this symbol does what when doing calculations? /
will divide the two numbers

in python, this symbol does what when doing calculations? ^
raise to the number power

in python, this symbol does what when doing calculations? mod
not used for calculations in python but in other languages it is used

in python, this symbol means what when doing calculations? %
returns a modulus, a remainder

a=5
b=3
b=a
a==b?
true

a=5
b=3
b=a
a is b?
true

a=5
b=3
b=a
b==3
false

how to check if a word is in a string
in

how do you add a string to empty strings
+1

in range and index the stop number is included?
false

does index 1 start at the 2nd character?
yes

does len 1 start at the first character?
yes

how do you find the length of a string
len()

pass
placeholder for a conditional result

break
exists a loop

while
starts a loop

continue
skips a turn in a loop

is def need before defining a function?
yes. def function(parameters):

return
returns variable

to call a function
functionName(parameters)

make a comment
#

must indent in loops and functions
true

\
continues statement on next line

\n
print a new line

\t
insert a tab

\\
use \ character

.read()
reads the entire contents of the file and stored it until printed

.close()
closes file/frees up memory

.readline()
prints the first line of the text file being opened

.readlines()
prints text file contents as a list

input
allows for user input

f
tells python that the following text will be formatted text and the text in {} should refer to a variable

\
escape character

%
used for formatting purposes

help()
lists available python commands and show information on these command when an individual command is entered/gives user access to python commands after typing command name - when using python in command line environment

else
shows is the try was successful

except
error message

finally
at the end

in error handling, the else clause is optional and must come right after the except clause
the statement is correct as is

raise
keyword - will show an actual error message should an error occur

import math
for math functions

ceil
rounds up

floor
rounds down

trunc
gets rid of decimal to reveal whole number

sqrt
squareroot

() in math
parentheses

in math
exponentiation

* in math
multiplication

/ in math
division

// in math
integer division

% in math
modulo, remainder

+ in math
addition

- in math
subtraction

,
concatenation with strings

+
concatenation with numbers

.today()
today's date

io
used to read and wrote to files

sys
can display error messages that would not otherwise show

os
allows python code to create folders

os.path
allows python code to find specific files and folders

datetime
*A date and time combination. Format: YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS
Note: The supported range is from '1000-01-01 00:00:00' to '9999-12-31 23:59:59'

import
to import attributes like math, random, date, time, datetime, etc.

from_import_
datetime, randint, random

strptime()
converts string into date format

strftime()
formats a date

pydoc is a self contained executable that can be run from a command-line prompt
false

pydoc generates documentation on python modules
true

the proper syntax for pydoc is python -m pydoc module where module represents the name of the python module
true

runtime error
not caused by bad syntax or logic

except
used if error should or does occur

"False"
string

False
Boolean

1
integer

1.0
float

!=
not equal to

when variables are declared, a data type must be specified
false