Highway Engineering Practice Test: Highway Alignment and Project Preparation — Flashcards

Highway Alignment and Project Preparation topics include: Highway alignment, engineering surveys, highway projects, detailed project report and preparation, drawings and report.
 

Highway alignment is the position of the highway's center line in the ground. It includes horizontal alignment and vertical alignment. 

Here are some stages in a highway project: Preliminary planning, Demolition and removal, Ground leveling, Sub base layout, Binder layer pour, Asphalt application, Transitioning between new and existing roads 

The following are some types of field surveys required for highway construction:
Reconnaissance survey: To explore site conditions and infrastructure
Preliminary survey: To collect data to prepare a plan or map of the area
Location survey: To set out work on the ground for construction 

The following are some requirements of an ideal highway alignment:
It should have a shortest path
It should be easy to construct and maintain
It should be easy for vehicles to operate
It should be safe for horizontal and vertical curves
It should provide economy in the cost of construction and maintenance
It should be easy for vehicles to operate with easy gradients and curves
It should be safe for traffic operation 

Engineering surveys for highway alignment involve conducting measurements and assessments to determine the optimal route. This includes evaluating factors such as: Topography, Soil conditions, Existing infrastructure. 

Preliminary Survey:
To collect necessary physical information and details of topography, drainage, and soil.
To compare different proposal in view of the requirement of good alignment.
To estimate the quantity of earthwork.
To finalize the best alignment.

Highway project preparation involves a number of activities, including: Field surveys and investigations, Selection of alignment, Various designs, Preparation of drawings and estimates 

Other steps in the highway development process include: Planning, Project development (preliminary design), Final design, Right of way, Construction 

Here are some other steps in the highway project process: Preliminary planning, Demolition and removal, Ground leveling, Laying out the sub base, Pouring on the binder layer, Applying asphalt, Making transitions between the new road and existing roads, Pre bids and construction work awards to contractor, Detailed engineering design for execution work