The black community was initially somewhat relieved that the feds were getting involved. About 1500 gathered in Ralph Abernathy's church. The community wanted to see the brave Freedom Riders, who had so faithfully remained non-violent. As they met, a mob gathered outside and began throwing things at the church. The U.S. Marshals were brought in, in postal trucks. They actually had no idea what they were doing. Finally, the National Guard was called up and Montgomery was placed under ___.

Peace studies is an interdisciplinary academic field that draws on political science, sociology, history, anthropology, theology, psychology, philosophy, and other fields to:

understand the causes of armed conflict;
develop ways to prevent and resolve war, genocide, terrorism, gross violations of human rights; and
build peaceful and just systems and societies.