All The Useful Magento Interview Questions & Answers

Q 1. What is Magento and why it is used?
Magento is an accessible open source technology built e-commerce platform which offers online merchants with a user-friendly, flexible shopping cart system, as well as excellent control over the content, design, and functionality of their online store. It also offers superior marketing, catalog management, and search engine optimization tools.

Q 2. Explain the different versions of Magento.

Magento has two versions:
Magento Community (CE): The non-paid version of Magento with a significant number of functionalities but nonetheless limited to its Enterprise version.
Magento Enterprise (EE): The paid version with additional features for developers such as easy control over a large number of products, full page cache, gift wrap, loyalty program, RMA and more.

Q 3. What are the steps use to improve the performance of Magento?

Developers can follow these steps to improve the performance of your Magento website.

Use the latest version of Magento.
Enable caching to reduce the required number of database operations for each page request.
Enable the Flat Catalog module for categories and products in the Magento Admin Panel.
Compress image files
Install a PHP opcode cache
Use LiteSpeed Enterprise web server instead of Apache web server.

Q 4. Explain the design patterns used in Magento.

Magento has a total number of 12 design patterns:
Model View Controller Pattern
Front Controller Pattern
Factory Pattern
Registry Pattern
Singleton Pattern
Object Pool Pattern
Prototype Pattern
Lazy Loading Pattern
Iterator Pattern
Module Pattern
Service Locator Pattern

Q 5. Explain the advantages & limitations of Magento.

Advantages:
Continuous adaptation of code & bug fixes creates new surprises for developers and business owners.
The large talented and helpful community of users
Continuously evolving and stuffed with features
Offers countless themes and templates

Limitations:
Slow due to heavily layered and complex coding style
Requires high speed dedicated server from particular hosting providers
Technical documentation is minimal

Q 6. What do you mean by EAV in Magento? How many tables will be created in EAV module?
Entity Attribute Value or EAV data module is used to get flexibility for data. Use of it brings more complexity compared to the relation table model.

A total number of 6 tables will be created in an EAV module.
module Table
module_datetime
module_decimal
module_int
module_text
module_varchar
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Q 7. Explain the difference between Mage::getSingleton() and Mage::getModel() in Magento.

Mage::getSingleton()   Vs    Mage::getModel()

Mage::getSingleton()
It will first check the same class instance is exists or not in memory. If the instance is created then Mage::getSingleton() will return the same object from memory.    

Vs 

Mage::getModel()
The Mage::getModel() will create a new instance of an object every time even such purposes exists in configuration.

Q 8. Explain the types of sessions are available in Magento.

Magento has three sessions available with it:
Core/Session: offers the primary "anonymous" data about the visitor.
Customer/Session: It handles things related to the specific customer.
Checkout/Session: It stores information related to the quote, guest or not.

Q 9. How we can enable Maintenance mode in Magento?

To enable maintenance mode in Magento, follow these steps:
First, enable Magento command-line interface (CLI)
Use SSH to log in to your account
Add the syntax
cd ~/public_html
Then put the syntax bin/magentomaintenance:allow-ipsxxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
Replace xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx with IP address
Now put to enable maintenance mode
bin/magentomaintenance:enable

Q 10. Explain how to write custom SQL Query in Magento.
We can write custom queries in Magento. Please follow the below given examples.

Example:
                                                   
$resource = Mage::getSingleton(\'core/resource\');
$readConnection = $resource->getConnection(\'core_read\');
$var_query = \'SELECT * FROM products_table\';
$var_results = $readConnection->fetchAll($var_query);
var_dump($var_results);

Q 11. How we can add a custom payment method only enable for admin section in Magento?
We can enable the custom payment method only for admin by to set $_canUseInternal to true and $_canUseCheckout to false.

Example:
                                                   
Please update these given setting in your model.
protected $_canUseInternal = true;
protected $_canUseCheckout = false;

Q 12. Explain how to include js in Magento.
To include JavaScript in Magento:
add 'requires-config.js' file in module at 'app/code/Webkul/Test/view/frontend' path
Now all the above file in the .phtml file to perform operations.
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Q 13. Explain how to enable cron in Magento.
To enable and run cron in Magento, follow the below mentioned steps. It varies according to Magneto versions.

MAGENTO 1.X: Use the syntax
sh /path/to/your/magento/site/root/cron.sh

MAGENTO 2.X: Use the syntax
php /path/to/your/magento/site/root/bin/magento -- --quiet cron:run

Q 14. Write a query to get product details with Id in Magento.

Example:
                                                   
$id = 10;
$productDetail = Mage::getModel(\'catalog/product\')->load($id);
$ProductDetailArray = $ProductDetailArray->getData(); 

Q 15. What do you mean by virtual Product in Magento?
In Magento, a virtual product otherwise known as Digital Product is used by developers for intangible items such as a service, warranty, subscription or membership. Configuring virtual product is the same as Simple Product configuration but without the option to add a gift card or weight field.

Q 16. What is codePool in Magento? Explain.
In Magento, the codebook is an XML file tag.

There are three types of code pool in Magneto:
Core: Developed by the core developers of Magento
Community: Open for all developers
Local: Extensions will be present in local if you have Magento site

Q 17. Explain the differnce between Catalog price Rules and Shopping cart Price Rules in Magento.

Catalog Price Rules   Vs    Shopping Cart Price Rules

1.    It applicable when the user display product in product or category pages itself.    - The Shopping cart Price Rules are discounts which get applicable after the product gets added to the cart.
2.    These are the discounts valid before products get added to the cart.     - Example: Free shipping, coupon code, discount in the order total, etc.

Q 18. How we can get current url in Magento?
To retrieve the current URL path in Magento, use the below-given syntax at first.

Example:
                                                   
$currentUrl = Mage::helper('core/url')->getCurrentUrl();
$url = Mage::getSingleton('core/url')->parseUrl($currentUrl);
$path = $url->getPath();

Q 19. What is the concept of Fieldsets in Magento?
In Magento, the <fieldsets> * is found in config.xml files. It is used to define which attributes or fields are to be copied to where while converting objects, that is in a quote to order conversion.

Q 20. How we can format price in Magento?
To format price in Magento, developers use the below givensyntax.
$formattedPrice = Mage::helper('core')->currency($finalPrice, true, false);

Q 21. How to check Magento version?
To check the Magento version of a website, just add /magento_versionafter the domain URL and go searching. This will give you the Magento version and edition that our website is running on.

Q 22. Is Magento the best eCommerce platform? Explain.
We just can't say Magento is the best eCommerce platform available globally, but it's undoubtedly one of the best available eCommerce platforms available today due to its outstanding support, features, and security.

Q 23. How to upgrade Magento?
To upgrade our Magento, we have to follow these steps:

Via content manager
Log on to Magento backend
Go to System >>Magento Connect >>Magento Connect Manager
Fill the credentials
For Magento 1.5 and 1.6 to Magento 1.9.x
Under 'Install New Extensions', paste connect20.magentocommerce.com/community/Mage_All_Latest
Then install and proceed
For Magento 1.7, 1.8 and 1.9 to Magento 1.9.x
Go to Manage Existing Extensions'
Click on 'Check for Updates'
Click dropdown menu behind the extensions
Click on Commit changes
Magento is updated now

Q 24. What are the difference between magento 1 & 2?

Magento 1    Vs  Magento 2

1.    API Added Retroactively    - Core to the technology API
2.    Flexible Architecture -    Fast Architecture
3.    No Front-end Library -    Ships with LESS
4.    Available for Legacy PHP -    Available for only PHP5.6+ / 7.0
5.    External PayPal -    In-Site PayPal Experience

Q 25. Explain the Installation process of Magento 2.2 manually.

Install Magento Manually
Step 1: Download Magento. The first thing you'll need in order to manually install Magento is the installation package.
Step 2: Create an Account.
Step 3: Set Up the Database. 
Step 4: Upload Magento.
Step 5: Install Magento.
Step 6: Launch Magento.

Q 26. List the advantages of magento 2.2.3.

Here are the advantages of Magento 2.2.3:
Improved performance and scalability
Better checkout process
More mobile friendly
Easy to upgrade
Best extension integration
Instant purchase facility
Automation for email marketing