Assertion (A) : Great Britain and New Zealand are remarkably similar in terms of area, oceanic location and climate, yet Great Britain is densely populated and an important centre of political and economic power. Reason (R) : New Zealand unlike Great Britain suffers from the disadvantage of its location in the vast expanse of ocean in the Southern Hemisphere. Codes

The world population is the total number of humans currently living. It was estimated by the United Nations to have exceeded eight billion in mid-November 2022. It took around 300,000 years of human prehistory and history for the human population to reach one billion and only 222 years more to reach 8 billion.