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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
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Introduction To Health Sciences Vocab
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1. A substance produced by an endocrine gland that is carried around the body in the blood - and affects the structure or functions of specifically receptive target organs or tissues.

2. A muscular structure at the junction of the stomach and small intestine that constricts and closes when food is present in the stomach - preventing it from passing into the small intestine.

3. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a body - or a quantity of liquid - by 1 A

4. The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum expiration (abbreviated to RV).

5. A protective reaction of body tissues to irritation - injury - or infection - characterised by pain - heat - redness and swelling.

6. The level of intensity of stimulation of a neuron at which it first shows activity. The term is used particularly in the context of sensory neurons.

7. Pain that arises from damage to neurons either within the central nervous system or in the periphery of the body.

8. A single point on the optical axis of a lens onto which all light rays parallel to that axis are directed.

9. A difficult and controversial term to define - in spite of its everyday use. It describes all the information processing carried out by the brain.

10. A screening procedure has high of this if - in people who do not have the disease being screened for - the procedure is very likely not to detect disease - that is - to give a negative result. Numerically - this is calculated by expressing the number

11. A molecule that has both negatively and positively charged regions.

12. In screening - a person whose screening test result is negative (indicating no disease) - and who actually does not have the disease.

13. A protein that is abundant in the extracellular matrix and can form long thin fibres to provide structure to many tissues.

14. A visual impairment in which the lens of the eye loses transparency and exhibits reduced light transmission.

15. A complex molecule composed of smaller molecules (globin and haem) and iron atoms. It is a component of erythrocytes and its function is to bind reversibly to oxygen.

16. The areas of the medulla region in the brain that integrate sensory information from chemoreceptors monitoring the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. They send out appropriate signals to regulate the rate of contraction of the respirato

17. Severe psychological shock.

18. Condition in which the full range of colours cannot be clearly distinguished.

19. The process by which collagen is produced by fibroblasts following tissue damage - often resulting in scar formation.

20. The system of muscles and bones and their various joints and linkages that facilitates support and movement in the body.

21. Pain that arises from psychological triggers such as social loss; e.g. bereavement - marital breakdown.

22. Distance between one peak of a wave and the next peak - measured in metres (m).

23. The concentration of ethanol in blood given in mg per 100 ml.

24. An irreversible lung disease that is a combination of emphysema and chronic bronchitis - in which airway obstruction causes breathing difficulties - including shortness of breath.

25. The process of breaking down foods in the body into the molecules needed to maintain life.

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