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Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Vital Signs, Monitoring Devices, and History Taking
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EMTs use a variety of devices to monitor vital signs, including: stethoscope, thermometer, sphygmomanometer, pulse oximeter, external defibrillator, chest compressor, blood pressure cuff, cardiac monitoring device, tweezers, forceps, magnifiers, and penlights.  The five vital signs that EMTs obtain are: respiration, pulse, skin, blood pressure, and pupils.  Some literature suggests considering pulse oximetry as the sixth vital sign.  Vital signs are a crucial aspect of physiotherapy assessment, screening for potential red flags, and to guide treatment.  Here are some of the seven vital... Show more
Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Vital Signs, Monitoring Devices, and History Taking
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25 Questions

1. You have been called to a bar for a patient who was involved in an altercation and is complaining of abdominal pain. Law enforcement is present. The patient has been handcuffed and is sitting on the sidewalk. He has an odor of alcohol on his breath, his speech is slurred, and he is angrily yelling at the police officers. Which action would be most appropriate for the EMT to take when talking to the patient?
2. A female patient with a history of asthma called 911 with a complaint of shortness of breath. On scene, you assisted her with the administration of her metered-dose inhaler containing albuterol. What can the EMT do to best determine if this patient's condition is improving?
3. When obtaining vital signs for a 67-year-old male patient with dizziness and nausea, your partner states that the pulse seems to disappear periodically when the patient takes a deep breath. As a knowledgeable EMT, your best response would be:
4. To assess a patient's blood pressure, the EMT will need a:
5. You are called for a 2-year-old female child who is sick. When testing her capillary refill, what would be the greatest cause for concern?
6. A patient presents with skin that is cool to the touch. The EMT shows he understands this condition when he states:
7. Correctly assessing orthostatic vital signs involves:
8. Which of these statements indicates an appropriate understanding of palpating a blood pressure?
9. In patients with which of these conditions would the EMT most likely get an inaccurate pulse oximeter reading despite proper application of the sensor?
10. Which of these patients should the EMT recognize as tachycardic for his or her age bracket?
11. You are observing a new EMT just hired by your EMS agency. You know he has correctly positioned the blood pressure cuff on the patient's arm when:
12. When assessing a patient's pulse, you note that it is irregular. To get an accurate heart rate, you would:
13. A female patient called 911 when she noticed blood in her stool, and became scared and anxious. Her pulse rate is 124 and her blood pressure is 88/60 mmHg. After you get her vital signs, she nervously asks you how they are. Given her anxiety, you should:
14. The EMT is correctly using a noninvasive blood pressure monitor when she:
15. Your partner reports that a patient's blood pressure is 156/78 mmHg. From this reading, you realize:
16. You are assessing a female patient with a complaint of shortness of breath. When assessing her skin, which finding should be recognized as abnormal?
17. Which pulse site is commonly palpated during the process of obtaining a blood pressure by the palpation technique?
18. A patient with liver cancer exhibits a yellow discoloration to his entire body. The EMT would correctly document this condition as:
19. Which of these findings related to breathing would be most concerning to the EMT in an adult patient?
20. You determine a patient's heart rate to be 48 beats/min. That heart rate would be categorized as:
21. When assessing a patient's pulse, you can locate the right radial pulse, but not the left. What is the most likely explanation for this finding?
22. You have placed the blood pressure cuff on the arm of a patient who is short of breath. What is your next step?
23. When obtaining a blood pressure for a patient, the radial pulse disappears when the gauge reads 130 mmHg. When deflating the cuff, the EMT hears a pulse at 118 mmHg. The pulse disappears at 76 mmHg. Given this, which of these statements is true?
24. You are assessing a patient who is in bright sunlight after collapsing in the hot sun at a picnic. If you cannot immediately move the patient out of the sun, assessment of the pupils will be made more accurate by:
25. A 41-year-old male patient reacts to painful stimuli by moaning. You shine a light at his right pupil only, while looking at both pupils. What would be a normal finding?

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