Arches and lintels are both used to support the weight of a structure above an opening. However, arches require special centering and formwork for construction, while lintels are simpler and easier to construct.  Lintels can be made from a variety of materials, including wood, stone, brick, reinforced brickwork, RCC, or rolled steel sections embedded in cement.  Arches can span both small and large distances. Props supporting beams and arches over 20 feet can be removed after three weeks.  Curved stairs are a decorative and fascinating part of construction, but they are also very difficult... Show more

Arches and lintels are both used to support the weight of a structure above an opening. However, arches require special centering and formwork for construction, while lintels are simpler and easier to construct. 
Lintels can be made from a variety of materials, including wood, stone, brick, reinforced brickwork, RCC, or rolled steel sections embedded in cement. 
Arches can span both small and large distances. Props supporting beams and arches over 20 feet can be removed after three weeks. 
Curved stairs are a decorative and fascinating part of construction, but they are also very difficult to make. 
 

Formwork for concrete stairs is used to create the overall shape and size of the stairs. It also helps keep the shape in place until the concrete sets. 

Here are some tips for using formwork for concrete stairs:
Basic principle: Treads should not be formed, but left open.
Concrete mix: A good quality concrete mix with a standard slump should not pour out of the bottom in a flood.
Smooth surface: The surface should be smooth, bright, and clean.
Resistance: A 20mm stair tread provides resistance against chipping with no patch-ups required. 
Formwork should stay in place for at least a week. Forms and props can be removed for slabs spanning up to 4.5 m(either direction) after 7 days.

Arches, Lintels, Stairs and Formwork topics include: Arches technical terms and types, lintels materials, stairs technical terms, stairs types and materials, formwork components and materials.

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Building & Construction Practice Test: Arches, Lintels, Stairs and Formwork

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25 Questions

1. The pointed Arch of the Tudor period is an example of __________ arch.

Three centred archFive centred archTwo centred archFour centred arch

2. The inside surface of formwork should be ________ so as to turn out a good concrete surface.

SmoothRoughGeometricalUndulated

3. In case of _______ stair, there is a well or hole or opening between the flights in the plan.

Dog-leggedOpen NewelSpiralThree Quarter Turn

4. In _________ arrangement, the steps are formed of treads only.

Cantilever tread slab stepsSpandril stepsRectangular stepsTread slab steps

5. Identify the type of Arch given below.

Florentine archVenetian archHorse shoe archRelieving arch

6. _________ stairs are now commonly used in all types of construction and in case of a frame structure of reinforced concrete.

MetalRCCBrickStone

7. ___________ gives excellent exposed concrete surface requiring no further finishing treatment.

SteelTeak woodFibre glassTimber

8. The horizontal platform between two flights of a Stair is known as the _________

LandingPitchNosingRise

9. In ________ all steps lead in one direction only.

Turning stepsCircular stepsGeometrical stepsStraight steps

10. Identify the type of Arch given below.

Stilted archPointed archRelieving archHorse shoe arch

11. __________ do not radiate from a common centre.

WaistCommon stepTreadDancing steps

12. The __________ of formwork plays a significant role in the cost of concrete.

ConditionsEconomyWorkPeriod

13. In formwork for the wall, the _________ are provided by vertical Struts and horizontal wales.

StudsWalesTiesSheets

14. The stairs which are kept in motion by a revolving drum is known as a _______

Revolving StairsElevatorEscalatorLift

15. _________ stairs are light in weight, they are mostly used for residential buildings.

TimberStoneCantileverMarble

16. The __________ formwork should be neither too dry nor too wet.

SteelMetalFibre glassTimber

17. The flat, segmental, semicircular, horse-shoe and Stilted arches are __________

Two centred archThree centred archOne centred archFive centred arch

18. ____________ steps are in the form of trade and risers of thin stone slabs.

Built up stepsSpandril stepsRectangular stepsCantilever steps

19. ____________ arches can be constructed from ordinary bricks or purpose made bricks or soft bricks.

Crushes archesBrick archesStone archesConcrete arches

20. A _________ is a horizontal member which is placed across an opening to support the position of the structure above it.

LintelDoorSillWindow

21. ____________ is a row of arches supporting a wall above and being supported by the piers.

ArcadeSoffitCrownImpost

22. A Stair turning through three right angles is known as a ________ stair.

Single Quarter TurnFour Quarter TurnTwo Quarter TurnThree Quarter Turn

23. The usual concrete mix for RCC lintel is ___________ (cement:sand:aggregate).

1:2:41:2:31:3:61:4:8

24. A Stair turning through one right angle is known as a _______ stair.

Half-turnOpen navelDog-leggedQuarter- turn

25. Forms whose components can be reused several times are known as the _______

ShutteringNewel formsStrippingPanel Forms