Parts of the Human Body

adrenal glands: glands near the kidneys that regulate salt and water balance and the use of
carbohydrates and proteins; producers of the “fight or flight” hormone, adrenaline
aorta: largest artery; carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body
atrium: one of two upper chambers of the heart
cerebellum: the brain part in back of skull responsible for coordination of muscle movements
cerebrum: the upper and largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary motor and mental functions
clavicle: the collarbone
cortex: the area of the brain covering the cerebrum; responsible for most higher-level thinking
femur: the thighbone; the longest bone in the body
fibula: the outer calf bone extending from knee to ankle
hippocampus: the area of the brain below the cortex responsible for learning and memory
humerus: the upper arm bone
hypothalamus gland: the gland located in the brain that controls sleep, appetite, and body temperature
ilium: part of the hip bone
mandible: the jawbone
medulla oblongata: the part of the brain stem that regulates breathing and blood flow
metatarsals: foot bones located between ankle and toes
patella: the knee bone (kneecap)
phalanx: a finger or toe bone
pituitary gland: the master gland located at the base of the brain; regulates growth and reproduction
radius: the outer bone of the forearm
scapula: the shoulder blade
septum: a wall of tissue separating the two sides of the heart
sternum: the breastbone
thyroid gland: the gland at the base of the neck that controls metabolic rate
tibia: the inner bone of the lower leg; shin bone
ulna: the inner bone of the forearm
vena cava: a large vein that carries blood to the heart
ventricle: one of two lower chambers in the heart