A 51-year-old male is at the health clinic for an annual physical exam. After walking from the car to the clinic, he developed substernal pain. He also reported discomfort in his left shoulder and his jaw, lasting 2-3 minutes and then subsiding with rest. He indicates that this has occurred frequently over the past few months with similar exertion. The nurse suspects he is most likely experiencing:

Alterations in cardiovascular function are the effects of changes in the heart's atrial fibrillation to normal sinus rhythm. The cardiovascular system delivers oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other important substances to cells and organs in the body, and it plays an important role in helping the body meet the demands of activity, exercise, and stress.  Some common conditions that affect the cardiovascular system include: Arrhythmia, Heart attack, Heart valves that don't work right, Heart failure, An aneurysm, Stroke, Atherosclerosis  Some risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD)... Show more

Alterations in cardiovascular function are the effects of changes in the heart's atrial fibrillation to normal sinus rhythm. The cardiovascular system delivers oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other important substances to cells and organs in the body, and it plays an important role in helping the body meet the demands of activity, exercise, and stress. 

Some common conditions that affect the cardiovascular system include: Arrhythmia, Heart attack, Heart valves that don't work right, Heart failure, An aneurysm, Stroke, Atherosclerosis 

Some risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) include: High blood pressure, High cholesterol, Tobacco use, Type 2 diabetes, Family history of heart disease, Lack of physical activity, Having excess weight or obesity, Diet high in sodium, sugar and fat, Overuse of alcohol, Misuse of prescription or recreational drugs 

Some types of CVD include: Angina, Congenital heart disease, Coronary artery disease, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Mitral regurgitation, Mitral valve prolapse, Pulmonary stenosis, Aortic stenosis 

Common signs of a heart problem include: Chest pain, Pain in your upper body, Shortness of breath, and Lightheadedness. 
Some common tests to check the health of your cardiovascular system include: Electrocardiogram (EKG), Blood tests, Echocardiogram, Stress tests, Cardiac CT, Positron emission tomography (PET) scan, Cardiac MRI, Angiogram, and Ultrasound. 

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