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Pathophysiology Practice Test: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function
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Alterations in cardiovascular function are the effects of changes in the heart's atrial fibrillation to normal sinus rhythm. The cardiovascular system delivers oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other important substances to cells and organs in the body, and it plays an important role in helping the body meet the demands of activity, exercise, and stress.  Some common conditions that affect the cardiovascular system include: Arrhythmia, Heart attack, Heart valves that don't work right, Heart failure, An aneurysm, Stroke, Atherosclerosis  Some risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD)... Show more
Pathophysiology Practice Test: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function
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25 Questions

1. A 67-year-old was previously diagnosed with rheumatic heart disease. Tests now reveal lipoprotein deposition with chronic inflammation that impairs blood flow from the left ventricle into the aorta. Which diagnosis does this history support?
2. A 56-year-old presents to his primary care provider for a checkup. Physical exam reveals edema, hepatomegaly, and muffled heart sounds. Which of the following is of greatest concern to the nurse?
3. A 68-year-old male presents to the ER reporting chest pain. He has a history of stable angina that now appears to be unstable. He most likely has:
4. A patient presents with severe chest pain and shortness of breath and is diagnosed with pulmonary embolism. The embolism most likely originated from the:
5. Upon assessment of the patient, the nurse finds a widened pulse pressure and throbbing peripheral pulses. Which valve disorder does the nurse suspect?
6. Which characteristic changes should the nurse keep in mind while caring for a patient with left heart failure? As left heart failure progresses:
7. A 27-year-old male is admitted to a neurologic unit with a complete C-5 spinal cord transection. On initial assessment, he is bradycardic, hypotensive, and hyperventilating. He appears to be going into shock. The most likely mechanism of his shock is:
8. A 51-year-old male is at the health clinic for an annual physical exam. After walking from the car to the clinic, he developed substernal pain. He also reported discomfort in his left shoulder and his jaw, lasting 2-3 minutes and then subsiding with rest. He indicates that this has occurred frequently over the past few months with similar exertion. The nurse suspects he is most likely experiencing:
9. What term should the nurse use to document a detached blood clot?
10. A 75-year-old female has been critically ill with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) for longer than a week and has developed a severe oxygen supply and demand imbalance. The statement that best describes this imbalance is which of the following?
11. A 35-year-old presents with pulmonary hypertension and is diagnosed as being in right heart failure. Which is the most likely cause of this condition?
12. Which of the following findings in the patient with Raynaud disease would indicate a need for further teaching?
13. The nurse realizes the patient diagnosed with mitral stenosis has incomplete emptying of the:
14. A 28-year-old presents to the ER reporting severe chest pain that worsens with respirations or lying down. Other signs include a fever, tachycardia, and a friction rub. Assessment findings support which medical diagnosis?
15. When a nurse checks the patient for orthostatic hypotension, what activity did the nurse have the patient engage in?
16. A 15-year-old male who is allergic to peanuts eats a peanut butter cup. He then goes into anaphylactic shock. Which assessment findings will the nurse assess for?
17. A 20-year-old female is being admitted to the hospital with fever and septic shock. Which set of assessment findings would the nurse expect the patient to exhibit?
18. A patient most prone to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is a patient with:
19. A 65-year-old male is diagnosed with chronic pulmonary disease and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. Which of the following heart failures should the nurse assess for in this patient?
20. The most common cause of myocardial ischemia is:
21. Individuals with Raynaud disease need to be counseled to avoid which of the following conditions to prevent severe symptoms?
22. Foam cells in a fatty streak are:
23. A 55-year-old male died of a myocardial infarction. Autopsy would most likely reveal:
24. Which condition should cause the nurse to assess for high-output failure in a patient?
25. A 62-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting chest pain at rest and with exertion. He does not have a history of coronary artery disease and reports that the pain often occurs at night. He is most likely experiencing which type of angina?

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