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Praxis Physics Basic Principles
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Praxis Physics Basic Principles
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25 Questions

1. The capacity for doing work that is based upon position or configuration.

2. Branch of Physics that studies the conversion of energy into work and heat. Concerned w/ variables such as temperature - volume - and pressure

3. This refers to objects that have the same temperature b/c heat is transferred between them to reach equilibrium

4. Can be Beta - Minus or Beta Plus. Beta - Minus: contain an energetic electron Beta - plus: emitted by positrons and can result in gamma photons. Beta particles can be stopped by thin metal.

5. Refers to the amount of energy in a system that is no longer available for work. (also used to describe the amount of disorder in a group)

6. Splitting of a large nucleus into smaller pieces

7. Atoms that have an unstable nucleus that has excess energy and the potential to make radiation particles within the nucleus or undergo radioactive decay which can result in the emission of gamma rays. May occur naturally or artificially produced.

8. A variation of an atom; occur when the number of protons in the nucleus are the same but the number of neutrons are not. Written as the element plus the number of Neucleons (i.e. Carbon -13 (6 Protons - 7 Neutrons)

9. A system that can exchange heat and work - but not matter

10. Measure of the amount of mass per unit volume.

11. Measure of gravitational pull of Earth on an object or between two bodies

12. A change that does not result in different substances; when an object changes form but not compostion.

13. Homogeneous mixtures composed of two or more substances that have become one

14. A misguided belief that a system can continuously produce more energy than it consumes.

15. Type of High energy electromagnetic radiation consisting of photons. It rids the decaying nucleus of excess energy after it has emitted either alpha or beta radiation. They can cause serious damage to living tissue. It takes thick lead to stop them.

16. When energy is emitted by one body and absorbed by another

17. Hydrogen and Helium are the most abundant. Than Oxygen - Neon - Nitrogen - Carbon - Silicon - and Magnesium.

18. Positive; larger than Beta. Because of their large mass they can be easily stopped (even with a sheet of paper.) Can cause severe damage if ingested.

19. Solid - Liquid - Gas

20. Isotopes that have not been observed to decay

21. How do you determine the volume of an irregularly shaped object?

22. The capacity to do work

23. Measurement of the amount of cubic space occupied.

24. Refers to the fact that the total amount of energy in a closed system is constant

25. Substance containing two or more elements; formed by chemical reactions. Can only be separated by a chemical reaction

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