Carol Gilligan argued that Kohlberg's classification of moral judgment is centered on principles of justice and rights which are valued more by males than by females, rather than on values of caring and responsibility for others, which are more central to females. She pointed out the male bias in Kohlberg's research and argued that females have different ways of reasoning through moral issues and this does not make them inferior to male reasoning but only points out that the females value different things when trying to reason through moral issues.

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