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Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Vital Signs, Monitoring Devices, and History Taking
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EMTs use a variety of devices to monitor vital signs, including: stethoscope, thermometer, sphygmomanometer, pulse oximeter, external defibrillator, chest compressor, blood pressure cuff, cardiac monitoring device, tweezers, forceps, magnifiers, and penlights.  The five vital signs that EMTs obtain are: respiration, pulse, skin, blood pressure, and pupils.  Some literature suggests considering pulse oximetry as the sixth vital sign.  Vital signs are a crucial aspect of physiotherapy assessment, screening for potential red flags, and to guide treatment.  Here are some of the seven vital... Show more
Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Vital Signs, Monitoring Devices, and History Taking
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25 Questions

1. The EMT should recognize normal skin color in a healthy patient as:
2. You have been called to assess a conscious and alert 5-year-old child whose chief complaint is nausea and vomiting over the last 2 hours. When assessing his pulse, you should first check which pulse?
3. To test a pediatric patient's capillary refill, the EMT will:
4. Where would the EMT palpate for a popliteal pulse?
5. You have been dispatched to a residence for a female patient with unknown injuries. At the patient's side, you quickly become aware that the 43-year-old female was assaulted by her husband. The husband comes into the room and states, 'Don't you touch her, or I will take care of you, too!' What should be the EMT's immediate action?
6. The EMT is correctly using a noninvasive blood pressure monitor when she:
7. A family has called 911 for a 41-year-old male family member whom they cannot wake up. They state he has been threatening to kill himself and believe that he may have intentionally overdosed on his pain medications. As you enter the patient's bedroom, you observe him supine on the floor with his eyes closed. As he breathes, you hear snoring respirations. As a knowledgeable EMT, you recognize that this condition is likely caused by:
8. When obtaining a blood pressure, the EMT listens for a pulse over which blood vessel?
9. When obtaining vital signs for a 67-year-old male patient with dizziness and nausea, your partner states that the pulse seems to disappear periodically when the patient takes a deep breath. As a knowledgeable EMT, your best response would be:
10. When you are obtaining the blood pressure of a patient in a standing position, the patient states that he suddenly feels weak and is going to pass out. Your immediate action should be to:
11. Assessment of a patient who is unresponsive reveals pupils that are both large at 6 millimeters and do not change size in response to light. The EMT would best document this finding as:
12. During the primary assessment of a geriatric patient complaining of shortness of breath and fever, you quickly locate the radial pulse. What should you do next?
13. You are observing a new EMT just hired by your EMS agency. You know he has correctly positioned the blood pressure cuff on the patient's arm when:
14. A mother has called 911 because her 2-year-old daughter is fussy and not eating. When assessing the toddler, what would be the best indication of her perfusion status?
15. When should the EMT use the pulse oximeter?
16. Which of these statements made by an EMT student indicates that he correctly understands the use of capillary refill when assessing a patient?
17. A patient states that he is short of breath, is light-headed, and has chest pain that worsens when he takes a deep breath. Assessment reveals an open airway, adequate breathing, and a rapid pulse of 120 beats/min. The patient's skin is hot to the touch, and he has a blood pressure of 116/84 mmHg. The patient informs you that he was diagnosed with pneumonia 3 days ago and has not been taking the prescribed antibiotics. Which of these assessment findings would the EMT best recognize as a sign related to the patient's chief complaint?
18. When assessing a patient's pupils, the EMT should:
19. As you enter the scene of a medical emergency, the Emergency Medical Responder informs you that the patient is not breathing and has pupils that are fixed and dilated. Based on this description, what do you expect to see when you reach the patient's side?
20. Which of these statements is true regarding vital signs obtained from a patient with nausea and vomiting?
21. A patient presents with skin that is cool to the touch. The EMT shows he understands this condition when he states:
22. You have arrived by the side of a cyanotic patient who is responsive only to painful stimuli and exhibiting stridorous respirations. What is the most appropriate action by the EMT?
23. You are caring for a 5-year-old male patient with a complaint of difficulty breathing. Your assessment indicates that the patient is tachypneic with labored breathing. While gaining more information about the patient's respiratory function, which finding would you recognize as most important?
24. When obtaining a blood pressure for a patient, the radial pulse disappears when the gauge reads 130 mmHg. When deflating the cuff, the EMT hears a pulse at 118 mmHg. The pulse disappears at 76 mmHg. Given this, which of these statements is true?
25. When obtaining a medical history using the SAMPLE mnemonic, which of these statements relates to the 'P' component?

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