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Economics 101 Practice Test: The Costs of Production
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In economics, the cost of production is the total expenses a company incurs to manufacture a product or provide a service. These expenses include direct monetary costs (explicit costs) and opportunity costs (implicit costs) associated with using resources in a particular way.  The cost of production includes many factors, such as: raw materials, labor, rent for facilities, utilities, machinery, and other inputs.  There are many types of production costs, including: Fixed costs: Costs that remain the same regardless of production level, such as rent on a factory Variable costs: Costs that... Show more
Economics 101 Practice Test: The Costs of Production
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25 Questions

1. Marginal product will be positive and diminishing if the production function slopes
2. A firm’s economic profit is equal to revenue less
3. If we assume that marginal product of labor is always decreasing, average total cost
4. As the quantity of output increases, the total cost curve becomes
5. Which of the following cost curves would not typically fall and then rise as output increases?
6. At all levels of production beyond the point where the marginal cost curve crosses the average variable cost curve, average variable cost
7. Economies of scale arise when
8. Total revenue necessarily equals
9. Diminishing marginal product occurs
10. Statistical studies show that as the output of banking firms expand, average total costs fall until banks reach a certain size at which point average total costs remain the same. According to this evidence, for lower levels of output banks have
11. Average total cost is very high when a small amount of output is produced because
12. Diminishing marginal product of labor would arise when
13. The marginal product of labor can be defined as (where  denotes “change”)
14. It costs a firm $4,400 to produce 23 units and $4,800 to produce 24 units If they are currently producing 24 units, their average total cost
15. Alberto produces futons in a warehouse he paid for with $500,000 of winnings from a game show. He could instead have saved the money and earned interest on it. Economists would
16. Which of the following curves will always be below the ATC curve?
17. When a factory is operating in the short run,
18. Accounting profits equal total revenues minus
19. If marginal cost is rising
20. Which of the total cost curves is consistent with marginal cost curves and average total cost curves that are both U-shaped?
21. Average total cost equals
22. Given the production function in the graph, marginal product is
23. Which of the following costs will be zero if a firm produces zero?
24. The slope of the total product curve reveals information about the
25. Susan’s firm produces 2,000 beach towels and sells them for $10 each. Her total cost of producing these towels is $10,000. Her total profits