1. A schema is defined as a mental structure that provides a framework - set of rules or guidelines for processing information about any object. 2. Schemas (or 'schemata') are the basic units stored in our memory - and function as shorthand ways of processing information - thus reducing the time and mental effort required in cognition. 3. In the case of social cognition - the basic units are social schemas. Some attitudes may also function like social schemas. 4. We use many different schemas - and come to know about them through analysis and examples. 5. The perceiver gathers information - or responds to a given information - about the qualities of the target - organises this information - and draws inferences aboutthe target.