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Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Vital Signs, Monitoring Devices, and History Taking
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EMTs use a variety of devices to monitor vital signs, including: stethoscope, thermometer, sphygmomanometer, pulse oximeter, external defibrillator, chest compressor, blood pressure cuff, cardiac monitoring device, tweezers, forceps, magnifiers, and penlights.  The five vital signs that EMTs obtain are: respiration, pulse, skin, blood pressure, and pupils.  Some literature suggests considering pulse oximetry as the sixth vital sign.  Vital signs are a crucial aspect of physiotherapy assessment, screening for potential red flags, and to guide treatment.  Here are some of the seven vital... Show more
Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Vital Signs, Monitoring Devices, and History Taking
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25 Questions

1. You are trying to get a pulse oximeter reading on an 18-month-old child with difficulty breathing. Every time you place the sensor on the child's finger, he becomes upset and removes it. What is your best course of action?
2. Your partner states that he wants to palpate the blood pressure. Which equipment would you hand him?
3. For which of these patients would a capillary refill time of 3 seconds be most indicative of poor perfusion?
4. When should the EMT use the pulse oximeter?
5. You have been called to a bar for a patient who was involved in an altercation and is complaining of abdominal pain. Law enforcement is present. The patient has been handcuffed and is sitting on the sidewalk. He has an odor of alcohol on his breath, his speech is slurred, and he is angrily yelling at the police officers. Which action would be most appropriate for the EMT to take when talking to the patient?
6. Friends called 911 for a 37-year-old female who intentionally overdosed on a narcotic drug at a college party. Which eye-related findings would reinforce that the patient did indeed take a narcotic?
7. Assessment of a patient's skin color reveals a bluish discoloration. As a knowledgeable EMT, you should identify:
8. When you are applying the pulse oximeter sensor to a patient's finger, he asks you what this device is for. Your response would be:
9. You are called for a 2-year-old female child who is sick. When testing her capillary refill, what would be the greatest cause for concern?
10. When obtaining a blood pressure, the EMT listens for a pulse over which blood vessel?
11. An alert and oriented 87-year-old female patient has fallen and suffered a 3-cm laceration to the back of her head. According to the patient, her walker became caught in the carpet, causing her to trip. When obtaining a medical history, who should the EMT address first?
12. Which of these statements indicates an appropriate understanding of palpating a blood pressure?
13. Which step should be taken by the EMT to obtain an accurate pulse oximetry measurement?
14. A mother has called 911 because her 2-year-old daughter is fussy and not eating. When assessing the toddler, what would be the best indication of her perfusion status?
15. The EMT understands the primary reason to obtain a medical history using the SAMPLE mnemonic when he states:
16. When you are obtaining the blood pressure of a patient in a standing position, the patient states that he suddenly feels weak and is going to pass out. Your immediate action should be to:
17. An EMT is correctly assessing a patient's radial pulse when he:
18. You are assessing a confused dark-skinned patient who complains of a headache. When checking his skin color, you should:
19. The EMT is correct when he makes which of these statements about assessment of the pupils?
20. Which of these statements concerning assessment of the pulse is correct?
21. Which of these patients should the EMT recognize as tachycardic for his or her age bracket?
22. Where would the EMT palpate for a popliteal pulse?
23. Medical direction has asked that you obtain orthostatic vital signs for a 54-year-old female patient who complains of dizziness and weakness. Her baseline vital signs obtained while she was sitting in a chair were pulse, 84; respirations, 26 breaths/min; blood pressure, 118/62 mmHg; and SpO2, 95%. Which one set of vital signs upon reassessment would indicate that this patient has a positive orthostatic test?
24. A female patient called 911 when she noticed blood in her stool, and became scared and anxious. Her pulse rate is 124 and her blood pressure is 88/60 mmHg. After you get her vital signs, she nervously asks you how they are. Given her anxiety, you should:
25. Which of these statements made by your EMT partner indicates that he understands assessment of a patient's breathing?

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