Same rules apply for effective writing and oral presentation.

A debate is a structured format where two sides argue a topic. A speech is when a speaker talks to an audience about a topic they are familiar with.

Some steps in a typical debate:
Introduction
Statement of fact
Confirmation or proof
Refutation
Conclusion 

Some components for an effective debate / speech:
Catchy introduction
State the problem and define key terms
Present arguments
Rebuttals
Conclusion