Microbiology: What are the two big questions in microbiology (When looking down a microscope at a gram stained sample)

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1. Microbiology: What are the two big questions in microbiology (When looking down a microscope at a gram stained sample)

Tough question. Salt, mercury for syphilius, quinine for malaria, sulphonamides, penicillin.
Non-specific = no prominent localizing feature, referred to as the common cold, acute infective rhinitis etc sinusitis: classification acute/chronic, infectious/non-infectious, viral/bacterial/fungal. Acute is less than 4 weeks. Most are acute and viral, However hard to distinguish from bacterial on clinical grounds hence abx often prescribed. Chronic is greater than 12 weeks of duration. Pharyngitis = 'sore throat' rx if clinical suspicion of streptococcal pharyngigits (e.g fever, tonsicllar swelling, exudate, englarged/tender anterior cervical lns, abcence of cough or coryza) with hx of rheumatic fever or documented household exposure, or positive rapid streptococcal screen (take a throat swab, send for rapid immunoassay for presence of strep antigen). Laryngitis, mostly viral. Croup = viral respiratory illness characterised by subglottic swelling epiglotitis, bacterial, commonly hib, can be fatal. Nb flu is viral and haemophilus influenzae, a bacteria, don't cause it! Otitis media otitis externa
Macrovascular - accelarated atherosclerosis microvascular - three mechanisms: 1. Formation of advanced glycation end products (ages), these have effects on ecm components and intracellular plasma proteins, favouring production of proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors. 2. Activation of protein kinase c (pkc), leading to production of vegf and implicated in neovascularization 3. Intracellular hyperglycaemia with disturbances in polyol pathways leading to reduced glutathione and increased oxidative stress
1. What colour (purple or pink - gram +ive and gram -ive respectively) 2. What shape (cocci or rods, clusters or chain. sporing or non-sporing)

Microbiology: What are the two big questions in microbiology (When looking down a microscope at a gram stained sample)

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Microbiology: What are the two big questions in microbiology (When looking down a microscope at a gram stained sample)

❤ If you liked Fatskills, consider supporting us by checking out The Life Manuals You Never Got.

About | Explore | User Guide | Topics | Subjects | Doubt Solver | Career Aptitude Test | Answers | Free Tools | What Should We Know? Privacy | Terms |

Without work one finishes nothing. - Ralph Waldo Emerson© 2026 Fatskills.com

All trademarks, logos and brand names are the property of their respective owners. All company, product and service names used in this website are for identification purposes only. Use of these names, trademarks and brands does not imply endorsement.

About | Explore | User Guide | Topics | Subjects | Doubt Solver | Career Aptitude Test | Answers | Free Tools | What Should We Know?
Privacy | Terms |

Without work one finishes nothing. - Ralph Waldo Emerson
© 2026 Fatskills.com