Key Points - Planning and Sustainable Development in India

Planning is the process of thinking formulation of a scheme of programme and implementation of a set of actions to achieve some goal
There are two approaches

1. Sectorial planning

2. Regional planning

3. Indiastarted five year plans and annual plans

Target area planning

1. This plan take care of economically back ward areas, based on resources.

2. Govt. introduced the following programmes under Target area planning

1. Command area dev. programmed

2. Drought prone area dev. pro

3. Desert. Dev. pro.

4. Hill area Dev. pro

5. The small farmers dev. agency 6. marginal farmers dev. agency

Hill area development programme

1. Started during 5th plan

2.covered 15 district of UTTAN, WB & TN

3. National committee on the development of backward area in 1981 recommended this programme

4. Selected the area above 600 mts.

5. Covered tribal regions

6. Objectives are: horticulture, plantation, animal husbandry, poultry forestry small scale and village industries

Drought prone area development programme

1. Started during 4thplan

2. Objectives: employment, creating productive assets, starting labor intensive works, irrigation projects, land development. Programme. Afforestation, grassland dev.

Electricity,road, market, credit facility.

3. Integrated water shed dev. Pro

4.restoration of ecological balance between water, soil, plants and animals

5. Covered 67 districts

Case study tribal Dev. Pro

1.Bhaurmur Tribal region located in chambray district. of HP

2. Inhabited by Gaddi tribes

3. They practice transhumance

4. Total area is 1818 sq.km1500 to 3700 mts altitude

5. Ravi and its tributaries drain this region

6. There are 4 physiographic regions1. Holi 2. Khani 3. Kugti 4. Tundah

7. Harsh climate, low resource base, fragile environment

8. 20/sq km density

9. Mosteconomically backward

1.. Socio economic deprivation

1.. Objectives: transport and communication Agriculture. Allied activities. Socio eco.

Services, education, health, potable water, electricity

1.. Effects of ITDP:

1. Increase literacy rate

2. Sex ratio

3. Female literacy

4. Reduce gender inequality

5. Ship to cash crops

Sustainable Development: Development thatneeds of present without compromising the ability of future generations tookmeet their own needs. it takes care of ecological, social economic, aspects of present and pleads for conservation of resource for future

Case Study

Indira Gandhi Canal Command Area – Rajasthan canal

1. One of the largest canal system inIndia

2. Started in 1948 launched on 31/3/1958

3. Started from Harike barrage in Punjab run parallel tothe Pakistan border

4. The total length is 9060 km19.63 lakh hectareirrigation70% flow 30% lift system

5. Started in two stages

6. Cover Ganganagar, Hanuman Garh, Bikanir, Jaisalme, Barmer, Jodhpur, Nagaur, Churu Districts

7. Left side lift system and right side flow system

8. Stage one -1960 and stage ii 1980

9. Objectives achieved: irrigation, pasture development, afforestation reduces wind erosion, reduce siltation. Development of per-capita income, increase in food production, increase cultivated area, change in cropping system

1.. Problems: siltation, water logging

Steps take to solve the problems:

1. Strict implementation of water management policy

2. Protective irrigation

3. Extensive irrigation of crops and pasturelands

4. No water intensive crops

5. Lining of water courses

6. Leveling of warabandhi

7. Reclamation of water logging areas

8. Afforestation, shelterbelts,

9. Adequate financial support