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Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Cardiovascular Emergencies
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Here are some cardiovascular emergencies that EMTs may encounter: Cardiac arrest: When the heart stops pumping blood, leading to loss of consciousness and normal breathing. This can be marked by sudden collapse, absence of pulse, and cessation of breathing. Defibrillation: An electrical shock that restores a normal heart rhythm in someone experiencing cardiac arrest. Bradycardia: A heart rate below 60 beats per minute. Symptomatic bradycardia can include dizziness, feeling faint upon standing, shortness of breath, and a low heart rate. Tachycardia: A heart rate above 100 beats per... Show more
Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Cardiovascular Emergencies
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25 Questions

1. The EMT understands diastolic blood pressure when he defines it as:
2. After blood enters the right ventricle, it next moves into the:
3. When assessing a patient in the prehospital setting, which of these does the EMT recognize as an indication for aspirin?
4. The three primary components of the cardiovascular system are best described as:
5. You are approached by an EMR who informs you that last week, he was on a call in which a patient with chest pain and a known history of coronary artery disease was not given oxygen by the EMTs. You would reply:
6. An elderly patient with diabetes who experiences a silent MI will most likely:
7. A 71-year-old female patient is lying in bed and complaining of respiratory distress. She exhibits moderate dyspnea, crackles in both lungs, and edema to the abdomen and lower extremities. Supplemental oxygen is being provided to the patient by Emergency Medical Responders. Her vital signs are as follows: pulse, 132; respirations, 18 breaths/min; blood pressure, 138/86 mmHg; and SpO2, 95%. Which of these actions would be of the most immediate benefit to the patient?
8. For the EMT to administer aspirin in the prehospital setting, which of these criteria must be met?
9. A 44-year-old male patient is experiencing chest pain. He has a history of angina and is prescribed nitroglycerin, which he has not taken yet. He is also taking another medication. Which of these medications is a contraindication to the administration of nitroglycerin?
10. You have just arrived by the side of a 68-year-old male patient who complains of chest pain. After determining his airway is patent and breathing adequate, it is imperative that you perform which action next?
11. Prior to administering nitroglycerin to a patient with chest pain, the EMT must ensure that:
12. Sympathetic nervous system stimulation will cause the heart to:
13. Which of these statements made by the patient should the EMT associate with the condition of congestive heart failure?
14. A patient has called 911 for chest pain that he describes as 'tearing' and radiating between his shoulders. His airway is patent, breathing accelerated but adequate, and radial pulse intact. Your partner reports the following vital signs: pulse, 120; respirations, 22 breaths/min; blood pressure, 88/64 mmHg; and SpO2, 96% on room air. At this time, you should:
15. The EMT shows she is correctly administering aspirin to a patient with chest pain when she provides:
16. When administering oxygen to a patient with chest pain, which of these should be used a guide to its use and maintenance?
17. You are assessing a patient in heart failure. Which sign or symptom seemingly indicates that the left ventricle is the cause of the heart failure?
18. You are treating a patient for mild chest pain but notice that his blood pressure is elevated. Which of these statements made by the patient would make you suspect he has acute hypertension?
19. On scene, you are treating a 62-year-old female patient with chest pain, diaphoresis, and nausea. She has a history of heart problems as well as diabetes, for which she takes medications. She is allergic to penicillin and iodine. She is alert, oriented, and calm, and there are no threats to the airway, breathing, or circulation. The patient took 81 mg of aspirin this morning, as she always does. Her vital signs are pulse, 100; respirations, 16 breaths/min; blood pressure, 118/90 mmHg; and SpO2, 97% on room air. In overseeing the care of this patient, which of these actions would demand immediate and corrective intervention?
20. You are assisting a paramedic in the transport of a patient from a community hospital emergency department to a large medical center. The patient was diagnosed with an acute myocardial infarction and received fibrinolytic therapy in the ED. Currently, you are transporting the patient with the fibrinolytic medication infusing through an IV. In regard to the fibrinolytic therapy, you know that during this transport, you will need to closely monitor the patient for which complication?
21. A patient with chest pain has an SpO2 of 90% on room air. How would you start providing oxygen to this patient?
22. A patient informs you that he has a history of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. To best assess the status of this condition, you should:
23. You are caring for a 69-year-old male patient who is short of breath and in acute congestive heart failure. He is alert, anxious, and panicked, with an open airway and rapid shallow respirations. His heart rate is tachycardic, and his skin is cool and diaphoretic, with cyanosis noted to the lips and fingers. There are crackles noted in both lungs, as well as pedal edema in both feet. The patient denies chest pain or discomfort, but is having a difficult time speaking due to the shortness of breath. When caring for this patient, you should:
24. You are assessing a 73-year-old male patient who complains of altered mental status and shortness of breath. The patient is conscious, but confused. His pulse is rapid and weak, and his skin cool and diaphoretic. An Emergency Medical Responder provides you with the following vital signs: pulse, 136; respirations, 20 breaths/min; blood pressure, 168/88 mmHg; and SpO2, 89%. A family member states that the patient has diabetes and takes insulin. He also has a history of hypertension, colon cancer, irregular heartbeat, and transient ischemic attacks (TIA). Which action should the EMT take next?
25. Which of these statements would the EMT expect from a patient with unstable angina?

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