You have been called for a male patient experiencing a severe allergic reaction. The patient is very confused and having great difficulty breathing. He has an epinephrine auto-injector, but your service does not have protocols related to its use. Fortunately, in your EMT class, you learned about and passed a test on the use of an epinephrine auto-injector for allergic reactions. In this case, you should:

Emergency medical services (EMTs) respond to allergic reactions by laying the person flat, giving them an adrenaline injector, calling an ambulance, and calling family or emergency contact. The first-line treatment for anaphylaxis is an epinephrine auto-injector, which is a self-injectable medication. The auto-injector has instructions on the side of its packaging.  Anaphylaxis is a sudden, severe allergic reaction that can be life-threatening. It involves more than one body system and can cause the airway to swell and close, making breathing difficult or impossible. Symptoms... Show more

Emergency medical services (EMTs) respond to allergic reactions by laying the person flat, giving them an adrenaline injector, calling an ambulance, and calling family or emergency contact. The first-line treatment for anaphylaxis is an epinephrine auto-injector, which is a self-injectable medication. The auto-injector has instructions on the side of its packaging. 

Anaphylaxis is a sudden, severe allergic reaction that can be life-threatening. It involves more than one body system and can cause the airway to swell and close, making breathing difficult or impossible.

Symptoms include: Difficulty breathing, Swelling of the tongue, lips, or throat, Shortness of breath, trouble breathing, or wheezing, Dizziness and/or fainting, Stomach pain, bloating, vomiting, or diarrhea, Uterine cramps, Feeling like something awful is about to happen 

EMTs should begin the epinephrine ejection as early as possible to reduce the symptoms and reopen the airways. After the injection, an EMT should stay attentive, monitoring the patient's condition and facilitating proper breathing. 

An anaphylactic reaction can manifest after four distinct events: Exposure to an antigen, Antibody/antigen attachment, Release of mediators, Patient demonstrates an outward response to the mediators 
 

Common causes of allergic reactions include: Pollen, Stings and bites, Latex Some food items, such as nuts, shellfish, eggs, or dairy products 

You can prevent anaphylaxis by:
Staying away from substances that cause this severe reaction
Wearing a medical alert necklace or bracelet
Keeping an emergency kit with prescribed medications available at all times

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