Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification or genetic manipulation, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology.
Genetic engineering is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms.
Some Genetic Engineeering techniques include: Gene targeting: Uses recombinant DNA vectors to alter the expression of a gene. This can be done by introducing mutations or deleting parts of the gene sequence. Gene cloning: Copies DNA fragments that can be used for various purposes, such as creating GM crops or finding a cure for disease. Gene editing: Uses enzymes to change specific DNA sequences. One well-known approach to gene editing is CRISPR-Cas9, which stands for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9.
Related topic: Genetics
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