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Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Basics of Patient Assessment
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Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) assess patients to determine if they are sick and if there are any life threats. The assessment is broken down into five blocks: Scene safety: This block includes: BSI, Standard precautions, Environment, No hazards noted - Primary survey: This is the first part of the assessment and should be completed in 10–15 minutes. It includes: Scene size up, Personal protective equipment (PPE) for body substance isolation (BSI), General impression of the patient, Determine level of consciousness (LOC), Determine chief complaint (CC) and any life threats - History... Show more
Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Basics of Patient Assessment
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25 Questions

1. At a nursing home, you find an elderly patient extremely short of breath. To best determine whether this patient is cyanotic, you should:
2. The EMT recognizes that the best source of information for a responsive medical patient with a specific chief complaint and no known medical history is:
3. A 43-year-old male patient has called 911 with the complaint of difficulty breathing. Once on scene, you note he is breathing at a rate of 18 breaths/min. He also exhibits intercostal retractions and nasal flaring. The pulse oximeter reads 93% on room air. The EMT should document this patient's breathing as:
4. Which capillary refill time is considered normal for a 5-year-old child?
5. The EMT would recognize which of these patients as having a normal breathing rate?
6. You cannot locate a radial pulse on a 54-year-old male patient who is alert, confused, and breathing adequately. What should you do immediately?
7. When assessing an adult trauma patient's circulation status during the primary assessment, the EMT's assessment should include:
8. An Emergency Medical Responder informs you that a 59-year-old female patient is responsive to verbal stimuli. What would be the most accurate representation of this status?
9. You have completed the primary assessment on a patient who was thrown from a motorcycle and landed on his head and back on the nearby sidewalk. After initiating spine motion restriction and finding no life threats during the primary assessment, which action should you take first when starting a secondary assessment?
10. To best evaluate the adequacy of breathing in an unresponsive adult, the EMT should:
11. When assessing breath sounds during the secondary assessment, the EMT shows he is employing a correct technique when he listens:
12. An alert and oriented 69-year-old female patient complains of low, right-sided abdominal pain. She describes the pain as 'knife-like' and states that it started suddenly 1 hour ago. Her only medical history is hypertension, for which she takes the medication Lisinopril. Which of these assessment findings shows that the EMT is appropriately assessing this patient given the chief complaint?
13. An unresponsive 54-year-old male patient was found by family in his bed. They state that he has not been feeling well and complained of chest pain before going to bed approximately 1 hour ago. According to family, he has no prior medical history and does not take any medications. The primary assessment reveals no life-threatening conditions. When performing the secondary assessment on this patient, the EMT should:
14. You are assessing an 8-month-old child whose mother states that he has been vomiting for two days and not eating or drinking normally. When assessing the pulse, you should check which site?
15. You are an assistant instructor for an Emergency Medical Responder course. One of the students asks you how the head-tilt, chin-lift airway maneuver works to open the airway. Your response is:
16. You arrive on the scene of a motor vehicle collision and are presented with a patient who complains of chest pain after striking his chest on the steering wheel. On-scene Emergency Medical Responders are maintaining cervical spine motion restriction manually. The patient is alert and oriented and has a patent airway. His respirations are 24 breaths/min with good chest rise and fall, and his skin is warm and dry. He describes some shortness of breath, his heart rate is 96 beats/min, and his SpO2 is 92% on room air. At this time you should:
17. What does the 'S' in SAMPLE stand for?
18. When assessing a critically injured patient, the EMT should detect which of these injuries or conditions when performing the secondary assessment?
19. You have been summoned to a retail store, where you are directed to a middle-aged woman who was found in the bathroom on the toilet. Your assessment shows her to be responsive to painful stimuli with an open airway and labored breathing. Her pulse is fast and regular, and her skin is warm to the touch. The primary assessment has been completed and the appropriate care given. As the stretcher is prepared, you perform the secondary assessment. When assessing her chest, you note the presence of crackles to both lungs. What should you do next?
20. For which of these patients should the EMT perform a rapid head-to-toe secondary assessment, as opposed to a focused secondary assessment?
21. As you perform the primary assessment on an unresponsive patient, you discover vomitus in her airway. What should you do next?
22. An 18-year-old female patient with a history of diabetes twisted her right ankle while playing volleyball. She is alert and oriented and states that the pain is excruciating. The primary assessment is complete and yields no life-threatening conditions. What should you do next?
23. When performing the primary assessment of a 45-year-old patient, which of these skin findings should concern the EMT?
24. A 44-year-old male patient was cutting limbs from high in a tree when he fell. He is found to be unresponsive with snoring respirations. His breathing is inadequate at a rate of 8 breaths/min and his carotid pulse is weak and difficult to locate. Following the primary assessment and initial management of life threats, which of these actions will the EMT complete while performing the secondary assessment?
25. The EMT shows she understands the importance and reason for forming a general impression when she states:

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