First Aid For Heat Exposure

The body functions best within a narrow temperature range. High temperatures increase the body's metabolic rate and decrease its efficiency. Loss of fluid and dilation of blood vessels occur in an attempt to cool down. Being elderly and/or taking certain medications can place you at increased risk for heat illness. The two major medical emergencies associated with heat exposure are heat exhaustion and heatstroke.

Heat Exhaustion Signs & Symptoms:
- Sweating, moist clammy skin
- Muscle cramps, weakness and fatigue
- Nausea, vomiting
- Slightly elevated body temperature
- Headache
- Dizziness

Tips:
- Do not ignore symptoms. If untreated, heat-related illnesses get worse.
- Do not give victim any stimulant, including alcohol and cigarettes.
- Do not apply ice directly to skin.
- Do not allow victim when cooling to become so cold that he or she shivers.
- Do not leave victim alone.
- Do not use rubbing alcohol or anything other than water on the victim's skin.
- Remove victim from heat.
- Sponge or spray with cool water. Fan victim. Stop if victim develops goose bumps or shivers.
- If victim is conscious and can take fluids, have victim drink 16 oz/0.5 L every 30 minutes of electrolyte/carbohydrate mixture, juice or milk until recovered.
- Get medical attention if person doesn't continually improve.