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Study Guide: GED Reasoning Through Language Arts: Reading Comprehension, Author's Purpose and Point of View
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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts: Reading Comprehension, Author's Purpose and Point of View

By Fatskills Exam Guides Team — the exam nerds behind 28,500+ quizzes and 2.1M practice questions across 500+ global exams.

⏱️ ~10 min read

What Is This?

Author's Purpose and Point of View refers to the techniques used by authors to convey their intended message, attitude, or perspective in a text. It involves understanding the author's intentions, biases, and audience in relation to the subject matter.

This topic appears in exams to test your ability to analyze and interpret texts, identify the author's purpose, and recognize the impact of point of view on the reader's understanding.

Why It Matters

Author's Purpose and Point of View are essential skills for exams like the SAT, ACT, GRE, and GMAT, which often feature reading comprehension passages. These skills can account for 20-30% of the total marks in these exams. The examiner wants to assess your ability to think critically, identify patterns, and make informed inferences about the author's intentions.

Core Concepts

To master this topic, you must understand the following foundational ideas:

  • Author's Purpose: The reason why the author wrote the text, including their intentions, biases, and audience.
  • Point of View: The perspective from which the author presents the information, including their attitude, tone, and language.
  • Narrative Voice: The voice of the narrator, which can be first person, third person, or omniscient.
  • Tone: The attitude or mood conveyed by the author's language and style.
  • Perspective: The way the author presents the information, including their biases, assumptions, and values.

Prerequisites

Before tackling this topic, you should already understand:

  • Basic grammar and sentence structure
  • Text analysis and interpretation
  • Literary devices and techniques (e.g., metaphor, simile, allusion)

If you're missing these prerequisites, you may struggle to identify the author's purpose and point of view.

The Rule-Book (How It Works)

The primary rule is:

  • Identify the author's purpose: Determine why the author wrote the text, including their intentions, biases, and audience.
  • Recognize the point of view: Identify the perspective from which the author presents the information, including their attitude, tone, and language.
  • Analyze the narrative voice: Determine the voice of the narrator, which can be first person, third person, or omniscient.

Sub-rules and exceptions include:

  • First-person narrative: The narrator is a character in the story, often with a personal perspective.
  • Third-person narrative: The narrator is outside the story, often with an objective perspective.
  • Omniscient narrative: The narrator has complete knowledge of the story and characters.

A simple visual pattern to remember is:

Narrative Voice Perspective Tone
First Person Personal Subjective
Third Person Objective Neutral
Omniscient All-knowing Authoritative

Exam / Job / Audit Weighting

Frequency: 20-30% Difficulty Rating: Intermediate Question Type or Real-World Task Type: Reading comprehension, text analysis, and interpretation

Difficulty Level

Intermediate

Must-Know Rules, Formulas, Standards, or Principles

The three most important rules for this topic are:

  1. Identify the author's purpose: Determine why the author wrote the text, including their intentions, biases, and audience.
  2. Recognize the point of view: Identify the perspective from which the author presents the information, including their attitude, tone, and language.
  3. Analyze the narrative voice: Determine the voice of the narrator, which can be first person, third person, or omniscient.

Worked Examples (Step-by-Step)

Easy Example

Question: What is the author's purpose in writing this passage? "The sun was shining brightly in the clear blue sky. The birds were singing their sweet melodies. It was a beautiful day."

Reasoning process:

  1. Identify the author's purpose: The author is describing a scene to create a peaceful and serene atmosphere.
  2. Recognize the point of view: The author is using a third-person narrative voice to describe the scene.
  3. Analyze the narrative voice: The narrator is outside the story, providing an objective perspective.

Answer: The author's purpose is to create a peaceful and serene atmosphere.

Medium Example

Question: What is the point of view in this passage? "The detective was a brilliant and skilled investigator. He had solved many cases in his career. He was known for his sharp mind and keen instincts."

Reasoning process:

  1. Identify the point of view: The author is using a third-person narrative voice to describe the detective.
  2. Recognize the narrative voice: The narrator is outside the story, providing an objective perspective.
  3. Analyze the tone: The author is using a formal and professional tone to describe the detective.

Answer: The point of view is third person.

Hard Example

Question: What is the author's purpose in writing this passage? "The city was a dark and foreboding place. The streets were narrow and winding, with tall buildings looming overhead. It was a place of mystery and intrigue."

Reasoning process:

  1. Identify the author's purpose: The author is creating a sense of atmosphere and mood to draw the reader in.
  2. Recognize the point of view: The author is using a third-person narrative voice to describe the city.
  3. Analyze the narrative voice: The narrator is outside the story, providing an objective perspective.
  4. Analyze the tone: The author is using a dark and ominous tone to create a sense of foreboding.

Answer: The author's purpose is to create a sense of atmosphere and mood.

Common Exam Traps & Mistakes

Trap 1: Incorrectly identifying the author's purpose

  • Wrong answer: The author wrote the passage to inform the reader about the city's history.
  • Correct approach: Analyze the language and tone used in the passage to determine the author's purpose.
  • Why it looks right: The passage does mention the city's history, but that's not the primary purpose.

Trap 2: Failing to recognize the point of view

  • Wrong answer: The narrator is a character in the story.
  • Correct approach: Identify the voice of the narrator and determine whether it's first person, third person, or omniscient.
  • Why it looks right: The passage does use a personal pronoun, but that doesn't necessarily mean the narrator is a character.

Trap 3: Misinterpreting the tone

  • Wrong answer: The author is using a humorous tone.
  • Correct approach: Analyze the language and vocabulary used in the passage to determine the tone.
  • Why it looks right: The passage does use some witty language, but that doesn't necessarily mean the tone is humorous.

Trap 4: Failing to analyze the narrative voice

  • Wrong answer: The narrator is omniscient.
  • Correct approach: Determine the voice of the narrator and analyze its characteristics.
  • Why it looks right: The passage does use some all-knowing language, but that doesn't necessarily mean the narrator is omniscient.

Trap 5: Incorrectly identifying the perspective

  • Wrong answer: The author is using a first-person narrative voice.
  • Correct approach: Identify the perspective from which the author presents the information.
  • Why it looks right: The passage does use some personal pronouns, but that doesn't necessarily mean the author is using a first-person narrative voice.

Trap 6: Failing to consider the author's biases and assumptions

  • Wrong answer: The author is objective and unbiased.
  • Correct approach: Analyze the language and tone used in the passage to determine the author's biases and assumptions.
  • Why it looks right: The passage does present some facts, but that doesn't necessarily mean the author is objective and unbiased.

Shortcut Strategies & Exam Hacks

Memory Aid: Author's Purpose, Point of View, and Narrative Voice

Use this mnemonic to remember the three key concepts: APP.

Elimination Strategy: Tone and Language

Analyze the tone and language used in the passage to eliminate incorrect options.

Pattern Recognition Tip: Narrative Voice and Perspective

Identify the narrative voice and perspective used in the passage to determine the author's purpose.

Formula Shortcut: Author's Purpose = Intention + Audience + Bias

Use this formula to determine the author's purpose.

Question-Type Taxonomy

The three distinct question formats this topic appears in are:

Question Format Example Exam Favoring It
Multiple Choice What is the author's purpose in writing this passage? SAT, ACT
Short Answer Analyze the point of view in this passage. GRE, GMAT
Essay Discuss the author's purpose and point of view in this passage. SAT, ACT

Practice Set (MCQs)

Question 1

What is the author's purpose in writing this passage? "The city was a dark and foreboding place. The streets were narrow and winding, with tall buildings looming overhead. It was a place of mystery and intrigue."

A) To inform the reader about the city's history B) To create a sense of atmosphere and mood C) To persuade the reader to visit the city D) To entertain the reader with a story

Correct Answer: B) To create a sense of atmosphere and mood

Explanation: The author is using a third-person narrative voice to create a sense of atmosphere and mood.

Why the Distractors Are Tempting:

  • A) The passage does mention the city's history, but that's not the primary purpose.
  • C) The passage doesn't persuade the reader to visit the city.
  • D) The passage is descriptive, not narrative.

Question 2

What is the point of view in this passage? "The detective was a brilliant and skilled investigator. He had solved many cases in his career. He was known for his sharp mind and keen instincts."

A) First person B) Third person C) Omniscient D) Objective

Correct Answer: B) Third person

Explanation: The author is using a third-person narrative voice to describe the detective.

Why the Distractors Are Tempting:

  • A) The passage uses some personal pronouns, but that doesn't necessarily mean the author is using a first-person narrative voice.
  • C) The passage doesn't have an all-knowing tone.
  • D) The passage is descriptive, not objective.

Question 3

What is the author's purpose in writing this passage? "The sun was shining brightly in the clear blue sky. The birds were singing their sweet melodies. It was a beautiful day."

A) To inform the reader about the weather B) To create a peaceful and serene atmosphere C) To persuade the reader to go outside D) To entertain the reader with a story

Correct Answer: B) To create a peaceful and serene atmosphere

Explanation: The author is using a third-person narrative voice to create a peaceful and serene atmosphere.

Why the Distractors Are Tempting:

  • A) The passage does mention the weather, but that's not the primary purpose.
  • C) The passage doesn't persuade the reader to go outside.
  • D) The passage is descriptive, not narrative.

Question 4

What is the point of view in this passage? "The city was a place of mystery and intrigue. The streets were narrow and winding, with tall buildings looming overhead."

A) First person B) Third person C) Omniscient D) Objective

Correct Answer: B) Third person

Explanation: The author is using a third-person narrative voice to describe the city.

Why the Distractors Are Tempting:

  • A) The passage uses some personal pronouns, but that doesn't necessarily mean the author is using a first-person narrative voice.
  • C) The passage doesn't have an all-knowing tone.
  • D) The passage is descriptive, not objective.

Question 5

What is the author's purpose in writing this passage? "The detective was a brilliant and skilled investigator. He had solved many cases in his career. He was known for his sharp mind and keen instincts."

A) To inform the reader about the detective's skills B) To create a sense of atmosphere and mood C) To persuade the reader to become a detective D) To entertain the reader with a story

Correct Answer: A) To inform the reader about the detective's skills

Explanation: The author is using a third-person narrative voice to inform the reader about the detective's skills.

Why the Distractors Are Tempting:

  • B) The passage doesn't create a sense of atmosphere and mood.
  • C) The passage doesn't persuade the reader to become a detective.
  • D) The passage is descriptive, not narrative.

30-Second Cheat Sheet

  • Author's Purpose: Determine why the author wrote the text, including their intentions, biases, and audience.
  • Point of View: Identify the perspective from which the author presents the information, including their attitude, tone, and language.
  • Narrative Voice: Determine the voice of the narrator, which can be first person, third person, or omniscient.
  • Tone: Analyze the language and vocabulary used in the passage to determine the tone.
  • Perspective: Identify the perspective from which the author presents the information.
  • Author's Biases and Assumptions: Analyze the language and tone used in the passage to determine the author's biases and assumptions.

Learning Path

  1. Beginner Foundation: Understand the basics of text analysis and interpretation.
  2. Core Rules: Learn the three key concepts: Author's Purpose, Point of View, and Narrative Voice.
  3. Practice: Practice identifying the author's purpose and point of view in different passages.
  4. Timed Drills: Practice timed drills to improve your speed and accuracy.
  5. Mock Tests: Take mock tests to assess your knowledge and identify areas for improvement.

Related Topics

  • Text Analysis: Understanding the structure and organization of a text.
  • Literary Devices: Recognizing and analyzing literary devices such as metaphor, simile, and allusion.
  • Critical Thinking: Analyzing and evaluating information to form a judgment or decision.