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Pathophysiology Practice Test: Alterations of Hematologic Function
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Alterations in hematologic function can occur in cell count or function, and can be caused by a variety of factors, including malnutrition, genetics, neoplastic, and autoimmune. The hematologic system produces new blood cells through a process called hematopoiesis, which occurs in bone marrow. The bone marrow contains multipotential stem cells that differentiate into four types of blood cells: Erythrocytes: The most common type of blood cell Granulocytes: A group of white blood cells that contain granules in their cytoplasm Agranulocytes: A type of white blood cell that includes monocytes... Show more
Pathophysiology Practice Test: Alterations of Hematologic Function
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25 Questions

1. A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with lymphadenopathy. Which assessment finding will help confirm this diagnosis?
2. A 15-year-old female presents with splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and lymph node enlargement. She is diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis. What should the nurse tell the patient about the recovery time?
3. Which individual should the nurse assess initially for a vitamin B12 deficiency anemia?
4. An IV drug user was diagnosed with hepatitis C 5 years ago. The patient is now experiencing impaired blood clotting. The nurse suspects a decrease in which of the following vitamins?
5. For a patient experiencing hypersplenism, the nurse expects the erythrocytes to be:
6. A patient is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of polycythemia vera (PV). Which treatment should the nurse discuss with the patient?
7. A 62-year-old reports experiencing regular night sweats and unintentionally losing weight. Physical exam reveals enlarged neck lymph nodes that do not appear to be painful. These findings support a diagnosis of which type of cancer?
8. A 30-year-old presents with hematuria, menorrhagia, and bleeding gums, and is diagnosed with immune thrombocytic purpura (ITP). A nurse realizes the most likely cause is:
9. A 2-year-old malnourished child is diagnosed with vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies. A blood smear suggests the deficiency is macrocytic and normochromic. The nurse would expect the hemoglobin to be:
10. A 60-year-old patient diagnosed with emphysema experiences a rapid and pounding heart, dizziness, and fatigue with exertion. Which respiratory assessment findings indicate the respiratory system is compensating for the increased oxygen demand?
11. Lab results showing high iron, bilirubin, and transferrin and low hemoglobin and hematocrit would support a diagnosis of which form of anemia?
12. A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia (pernicious anemia). The most likely cause is a decrease in:
13. A 57-year-old male presents to his primary care provider for red face, hands, feet, ears, and headache and drowsiness. A blood smear reveals an increased number of erythrocytes, indicating:
14. A newborn is diagnosed with congenital intrinsic factor deficiency. Which of the following types of anemia will the nurse see documented on the chart?
15. A 35-year-old male has enlarged lymph nodes in the neck and a mediastinal mass. He was diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma. Which of the following abnormal cells would the nurse expect to find with this disease?
16. A 50-year-old female was diagnosed with sideroblastic anemia. Which of the following assessment findings would most likely occur?
17. Leukocytosis can be defined as:
18. The people from which country have the lowest risk for Hodgkin lymphoma?
19. A patient wants to know about risk factors for acute leukemia. Which of the following should the nurse include?
20. A patient diagnosed with multiple myeloma reports severe pain. This pain can be attributed to:
21. A 58-year-old female presents in the clinic with fatigue, weight loss, and tingling in her fingers. Laboratory findings show low hemoglobin and hematocrit, a high mean corpuscular volume, and normal plasma iron. These assessment findings are consistent with which type of anemia?
22. A 25-year-old female has a heavy menses during which she loses a profuse amount of blood. Which of the following adaptations should the nurse expect?
23. A 67-year-old female is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of polycythemia vera. Upon taking the history, the patient will most likely report:
24. Aplastic anemia is caused by:
25. A 15-year-old male with infectious mononucleosis is being given instructions on how to prevent the spread of this infection to others. Which statement represents a correct instruction?

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