Key Points - The Industrial Revolution

Meaning
Causes
Consequences
Great Change in the field of industries by which production of goods by hand in houses were replaced by those of with the help of machines in factories
Economic
Political
Geographical
Why Britain
Towns
Finance
Coal & Iron
Population
Agrucultural
Revolution
Negative
Positive
Condition of workers
 invention of Machines
Increase in
Production
Introduction of
Railways & Canals
Changed life
Employment of Women and Children in industries
Protest Movement
Meaning Luddism Result
Flying
Spinning jenny shuttle loom
Water Frame
Mule
Reform laws
Merits & Demerits of Railways
Merits & Demerits of Canal
Relative advantages of Railway & canals

Power loom 1819
1833
1847

Power Loom Invented
1769 Mule Invented
1765 Steam Engine Developed
Spinning Jenny Made
1733
Water Frame Invented
Flying Shuttle Loom Designed

Road Map of Industrial Revolution
1779 - 1787
Sources :

1. Works of Arnold Toynbee
Lectures on the Industrial Revolution
In England : Popular Addresses, Notes and other Fragments.

2. Works of T. S. Ashton,

3. Works of Paul Mantoux and Eric Hobsbawm

4. Contemporary Paintings
Correlation :
Refer to class X Social Science Text Book i)

Time Line

- The Flying shuttle loom designed by John Kay
- Spinning Jenny made by James Hargreaves
- Water Frame invented by Ark Wright
- James watt developed Steam engine.
- The mule invented by Samuel Crompton
- The Power loom invented by Cart Wright
........................................................................................................
Questions with Model Answers

2 Marks Questions :
1. What is meant by Industrial Revolution ?
Ans.
A major charge in industries by which goods produced in houses by hands were replaced by those of in Factories with the help of machines .

5 Marks Questions :

2. Who were the inventors ?
- The inventers were mainly workers.
- Few of them were trained scientists because education in basic science was extremely limited.
- John Kay and James Hargreaves were familiar with skills of weaving and carpentry.
- Richard. Ark Wright was a barber and a Wig maker.
- Samuel Crompton was not technically skilled
- Edmund Cart Wright studied literature.
- Thomas Savery was an Army officer
- Thoman New Comen was a blacksmith

10 Marks Question :

3. What were the causes of Industrial Revolution ? Why was Britain the first country to experience it ?
The causes of Industrial Revolution may be divided under following heads political
Economic, social and
Geographical
Britain was the first country in Europe to have all the above factors to create situations favoring the Revolution for example.
- Political stability
- Unified under a manarchy
- Common laws
- Single currency
Market
Taxes on goods
Use of money as the medium of exchange
Wages and salaries
Agricultural Revolution
Bank of England founded in 1964.
Global significance of London
Abundance of Coal and Iron
India as colony
Invention of Machines
Introduction of Railways and canals.
Invention of Steam Power. ( Points to be explained)

2 Marks Questions :
1. What do you mean by First and Second Industrial Revolution ?

2. What was Agricultural Revolution ?

3. What do you mean by Luddism ?

4. Name the inventors of the following
Flying shuttle loom
Spinning Jenny
Water Frame
Power Loom
5. Describe two advantages of introduction of Railways

5 Marks Questions :

1. How did iron lubricated the power of industridisetion ? Give examples.

2. Discuss the importance of coal in Industrial Revolution .

3. Why did cotton industry Symbolise British Industrialisation ?

4. Who invented steam power ? How was it developed la ter ?

5. How did industrialisation change the lives of women in cities ?

10 Marks Questions :

1. Explain the relative significance of Railways and canals.

2. Discuss in brief the results of industrialisation.

3. What do you mean by Portest Movements ? What were its results ?

4. What was the impact of Britain's involvement in wars on industrialisation ?

5. What are the Reform Laws. Explain with example.

Hot Questions
2 Marks Questions :

1. Why the word 'industrial' used with the word 'revolution ' is too limited ? Give two reasons.

2. Why were women and children employed i n factories ? Give two reasons.

3. How coal mines were dangerous places to work in ?

4. How did charls Dickens describe pollution in the new industrial towns.

5. How was revolution brought about in metallurgical industry ?

5 marks Questions :

1. How was child labour prevalent in the new industries and factories ?

2. 'The machines in the factories of Laneashine and Birmingham ' were run in India' Explain

3. 'The Factory workers were living in death ? Do you agree ? Give reasons for your answer.

4. What steps were taken to improve the condition of the factory workers ?

5. How did French Revolution and Napoleonic wars affect French industries and factories ? Why ?

10 Marks Questions :

1. How the term ' Industrial Revolution has been challenged ? Explain with example.

2. How would you explain the various consequences of Industrial revolution. Give a critical analysis.