1. Which of these assessment findings for a patient complaining of abdominal and back pain would raise the most concern in the EMT?

2. You are providing continuing education for a group of EMTs. The topic is acute abdominal pain. Which of these points would you stress when discussing the EMT's treatment of the patient with acute abdominal pain?

3. Your partner is performing the Markle test on a patient who complains of abdominal pain. Which instructions should be provided to the patient to ensure that she performs the test correctly?

4. Of these statements, which best demonstrates that the EMT has an accurate understanding of acute abdominal pain?

5. Which of these statements is true concerning the functions of the vagina?

6. A patient informs you that he previously had a section of his small intestine removed due to cancer. You recognize that with the removal of small intestine, the patient is less able to:

7. Your medical director is providing an in-service program on abdominal pain. He notes that there are several different categories of pain and asks if anyone can describe visceral pain. Which response made by the EMT would be correct?

8. When EMS enters the room of a 62-year-old female patient with an unknown medical complaint, which of these clues observed during the scene size-up would increase the EMT's suspicion that the patient has an acute abdominal condition?

9. When transporting a patient whom you suspect has a kidney stone to the hospital, in which position should the patient be placed if no contraindications exist?

10. A 23-year-old male patient has extreme pain in his lower right groin with a protruding mass noted in the same area. In discussing this patient with your partner, which statement would be most accurate?

11. Pelvic inflammatory disease is best described as:

12. The spleen of a patient has ruptured following a traumatic injury. Because it is a solid organ, the EMT recognizes that the primary threat to life is:

13. You have been dispatched for a patient with abdominal pain. On scene, you find the patient lying supine and complaining of severe pain to his lower abdomen. He is pale and has a look of distress on his face as he answers your questions. Which action should the EMT take after assuring the airway and breathing are adequate?

14. A 42-year-old female patient is crying and states that she has sharp abdominal pain that she localizes to her right lower quadrant. When assessing this patient's abdomen, the EMT would:

15. A patient with a history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding is complaining of weakness and abdominal pain. He informs you that he vomited 5 minutes before you arrived. Which of these questions is most important that the EMT ask first regarding the vomit?

16. When differentiating chronic renal failure from acute renal failure, the EMT realizes:

17. While you are transporting a 44-year-old female patient with abdominal pain in low Fowler's position, she starts to vomit. Your immediate action would be to:

18. You are by the side of an 80-year-old male patient whose wife called EMS because he had tearing-type abdominal pain. The patient states that he was just discharged from the hospital this morning after being treated for gastroenteritis. When questioned further, he states that he remains nauseated, but the medications for the vomiting and diarrhea seem to be working, as he is no longer experiencing either of those symptoms. Since he was just in the hospital, the patient states that he would like to refuse transport and continue his recovery at home. What is your best response?

19. You are by the side of a patient who thinks he has a kidney stone. After assessing the patient, which of these findings would force you to consider an alternative pathology for the patient's pain?

20. On scene, a 57-year-old female patient has profuse hemorrhage coming from the dialysis graft located on her left arm. To control the bleeding, you would immediately:

21. A 50-year-old female states that she has gone through menopause and no longer experiences menstrual periods. Using appropriate medical terms for documentation, the EMT would describe this status as:

22. A severely distressed patient has bright red rectal bleeding and in lethargic. His pulse is 136, respirations are 24 breaths/min, blood pressure is 72/58 mmHg, and SpO2 is 95%. His skin is moist, pale, and clammy, and his mental status is deteriorating. At this time, your priority intervention would be to:

23. Which of these definitions best describes the structure and function of the stomach?

24. A 56-year-old male patient informs you that he has gastric ulcers. He has had them for several months, but recently the pain has been steadily increasing. If the cause of the abdominal pain is the gastric ulcers, how would you expect the patient to describe the pain?

25. A patient informs you that he was recently diagnosed with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The surgeon did not want to operate on the aneurysm immediately because he felt it was stable and not worth the risks that surgery posed. Tonight, the patient states that he suddenly developed abdominal pain and wants to be evaluated in the hospital to see if the AAA has increased in size. Given this history, which of these assessment findings would cause the EMT to suspect that the AAA is the cause of the abdominal pain?