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Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Handling Toxicologic Emergencies
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Toxicological emergencies are caused by substances that impair health or cause death by entering the body or touching the skin. These emergencies include: intentional overdose, unintentional poisoning, occupational exposure, environmental hazards, envenomation, biologic and chemical warfare, and radiation illness.  Toxicological emergencies are often complex and require a deep understanding of pharmacology. For example, carbon monoxide poisoning can cause mild to severe symptoms, including headache, nausea, dizziness, confusion, seizure, and coma. Other important findings in poisoning may... Show more
Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Handling Toxicologic Emergencies
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25 Questions

1. You have been called to a party by friends of a 14-year-old female patient with a decreased level of consciousness. On scene, the partygoers state that they were 'huffing' when their friend suddenly complained of a headache and then passed out. In reference to the term 'huffing,' you would recognize this behavior as:
2. A 17-year-old female patient was at a party where she tried a Percocet pill (narcotic pain reliever). After taking the pill, she became scared that she was going to die and is now crying. At the present time, she feels slightly nauseated, but has no other complaints. There are no life threats and her vital signs are pulse, 88; respirations, 14 breaths/min; blood pressure, 108/68 mmHg; and SpO2, 98% on room air. The patient has no medical history but is allergic to peanuts, for which she has a prescribed epinephrine auto-injector. Appropriate care for this patient would include:
3. You are responding to a drug-related emergency. While you are en route to the scene, the dispatcher informs you that the patient has overdosed on an unspecified narcotic. Which of these statements made by your partner indicates an understanding of overdoses with narcotic drugs?
4. Which of these statements indicates that the EMT understands the condition of withdrawal?
5. A 42-year-old patient weighs 154 pounds (70 kg). How much activated charcoal would you administer to him?
6. Emergency Medical Responders (EMRs) respond to a female patient who was found by her husband in their second-floor bedroom. When the responders arrived, she was lying on her bed, with a tourniquet on her arm. They also found a syringe, with unknown contents, lying on the floor next to the bed. Her husband denies that she abuses any drugs. The EMRs have removed the tourniquet and inserted a nasopharyngeal airway, and they are providing positive pressure ventilations at the rate of 10 breaths/min with a bag-valve-mask device and supplemental oxygen. You note the woman to be unresponsive, with a pulse rate of 52, and apneic. What would your initial proper care include?
7. A patient has been found unresponsive on her bedroom floor. When assessing her, the EMT would have the highest index of suspicion for a narcotic overdose when he notes:
8. You have been called to a railroad yard for an unknown emergency. When you arrive on scene, you are directed to a tanker car, where two men are lying on the ground next to the railcar. The men are mechanics for the railroad company and were performing some type of repair work on the valves for the tanker car. The only other person around is a security guard, who saw the men suddenly collapse on a surveillance video camera and called 911 immediately. He has an automated external defibrillator (AED) at his side. Your initial action would be to:
9. A 17-year-old male patient was stung by an unidentified insect. On scene, the sting site to his right forearm showed some redness and mild swelling. During the reassessment, which statement made by the patient would indicate that venom from the sting is being absorbed into the bloodstream?
10. The EMT is transporting a patient with the diagnosis of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. The EMT recognizes that this patient has a past medical history of:
11. Which of these is the EMT's highest priority when presented with a patient who has been exposed to a poisonous substance?
12. A confused female patient states that she was intoxicated and accidentally drank a glass of household bleach. When transporting this patient, which complication would you continually assess for?
13. After a 911 call hang-up, you are dispatched to the caller's residence. When you enter the room with a police escort, you find an unresponsive female patient with a bag over her head. A person in the neighboring apartment tells you that the patient has depression and warned that 'there is going to be a death today.' Your immediate action would be to:
14. An alert and oriented 5-year-old child drank some ammonia that was placed in a cup in the garage. He is very scared and complains of abdominal pain, but states that he has not vomited. Assessment shows ammonia in and around his mouth as well as on his breath. He has an open airway and is breathing adequately. His pulse and skin show no abnormalities. Appropriate care for this patient would include:
15. You are dispatched on a call to a 'rave' for a possible ecstasy overdose. Law enforcement is already at the scene and has established scene safety so you can enter. Which kind of signs and symptoms would you expect to find with this type of overdose?
16. Family members have called EMS after finding their brother in a highly agitated state. When assessing this patient, which of these findings would raise your suspicion that the patient took a stimulant?
17. Emergency Medical Responders have removed a female patient from her bedroom, where she was found lying on her bed with a suicide bag over her head. The bag is removed and you note the woman to be unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. Given the use of a suicide bag and the presentation of the patient, which of these statements indicates proper initial care?
18. Which of these patients would the EMT recognize as a drug abuser?
19. Following a large wedding that occurred the previous night, health authorities announce that some of the food was contaminated with Salmonella. Consequently, your EMS service receives notice that it may receive a significant number of calls involving food poisoning. A new EMT asks you how to treat patients with food poisoning. What is your best response?
20. On the scene of a drug-related emergency, the 22-year-old patient tells you that he has been taking amphetamines because he likes the way that they make him feel. Over the past two days, he has been taking more and more, and today he feels as though his heart is racing. He also tells you that he recognizes he has a problem and wants to get help. When you are assessing the patient, which sign or symptom would provide further evidence that the patient has been abusing amphetamines?
21. You have been called for a young female patient who overdosed on several drugs. What is the most essential step for the EMT to perform while caring for this patient?
22. A middle-aged male with behavioral problems states that he drank some 'chemicals' to kill the bugs in his body. The patient is alert and oriented and shows no life-threatening conditions to the airway, breathing, or circulation. At this point, which of these questions should the EMT ask?
23. A 56-year-old male patient has been exposed to fumes containing cyanide. Why should the EMT call for advanced life support assistance?
24. You are assessing a young male patient who was found in an alley by sanitation workers. Assessment reveals the patient responds to painful stimuli by opening his eyes, but then closes them once you stop pinching the muscles on his neck. His airway is open and his breathing is shallow. His skin is cool and diaphoretic, and his pupils are constricted and do not react to light. Based on these assessment findings, the EMT would be suspicious of:
25. You have been called to a dilapidated residence for a 26-year-old female patient complaining of generalized weakness. After applying gloves, you enter the home and find the patient on a couch in minimal distress. Your assessment reveals no life threats, but you do note track marks to both hands and arms. When asked about the marks, she states that she is an IV drug user and has hepatitis C. Given this information, you would:

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