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GRE Psychology: Thinking
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GRE Psychology: Thinking
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25 Questions

1. Slower between pictures than words; pictures must be put into words before associations made

2. Preconceived notion of how to look at a problem

3. The process of working on solving a problem until an acceptable solution; - The process of reaching a solution is usually based on some sort of assumption: rational/irrational - Solution is usually found by relying on reasoning and/or emotion - Commo

4. Newell and Simon - designed to solve problems like humans

5. Emergency theory; Emotions and bodily reactions occur simultaneously In emotional situations - our body is cued to react in the brain (emotion) and in the body (biological response) Ex: We tremble and feel scared in response to anger

6. Problem solving strategies that use rules of thumb or short-cuts based on what has worked int eh past - Cannot guarantee a solution - but it is faster than algorithm

7. Designed first Computer Simulation Models called LOGIC THEORIST - then revamped it and called it GENERAL PROBLEM SOLVER

8. Intervening mental process that occurs between stimulus and response - It reminds us of what to do or how to respond based on ideas or past learning

9. Atmosphere effect - semantic effect - confirmation bias

10. Problem solving strategy - considers every possible solution to arrive at correct one - time consuming

11. James-Lange theory of emotion Cannon-Bard theory of emotion Schachter-Singer theory

12. Recognizing an item or pattern guided by larger concepts

13. The representative or usual type of an event or object

14. Frequently debated definition and types; the capacity to use knowledge to improve achievement in an environment

15. Decreased speed of naming color of ink if incongruous to word itself

16. Represents relationship between two things

17. An organized bunch of knowledge gathered from prior experiences that includes ideas about specific events or objects and the attributes that accompany them. - New events and objects are categorized based on how well they match the existing attributes

18. Logical reasoning error - remembering and using information that confirms what you already believe

19. Used to measure cognitive processing - Response speed for all types of tasks declines with age

20. Test relationships then to form concepts

21. The process of thinking about your own thinking - knowing what solving strategies to apply and when - or knowing how to adapt thinking to new situations

22. Eye movements from one fixation point to another

23. Allan Collins and Ross Quillian - People make decisions about the relationship between items by searching their cognitive semantic hierarchies - The farther apart in the hierarchy - the longer it will take to see a connection

24. Effortless task due to higher organization process - When a task is effortlessly done because the task is subsumed under a higher organization process

25. Logical reasoning error - conclusion influenced by the way information is phrased

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