1. You are preparing to transport a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter. The bag is full and your partner starts to empty it. Which of these statements would be appropriate to make to your partner?

2. When differentiating chronic renal failure from acute renal failure, the EMT realizes:

3. When you are obtaining a medical history from a female patient with abdominal pain, she tells you that she has endometriosis. As an EMT, you know that this condition describes:

4. A severely distressed patient has bright red rectal bleeding and in lethargic. His pulse is 136, respirations are 24 breaths/min, blood pressure is 72/58 mmHg, and SpO2 is 95%. His skin is moist, pale, and clammy, and his mental status is deteriorating. At this time, your priority intervention would be to:

5. When assessing a patient with abdominal pain, you note that his abdomen feels rigid. What should you do next as part of the abdominal assessment?

6. A patient with a history of frequent urinary tract infections (UTI) complains of lower abdominal pain and feels as though she has a UTI again. Which assessment findings would cause you to question that the problem is a UTI?

7. The EMT understands the major function of most organs in the abdomen when he states:

8. You are dispatched for a patient with an unknown medical problem at a dialysis center. When you arrive, you are directed to a patient who is sitting in a chair, with a dialysis technician holding a dressing on his arm very tight. You can see blood seeping through the dressing and on the hands of the technician. Given this limited information, what is likely the problem?

9. A 50-year-old female states that she has gone through menopause and no longer experiences menstrual periods. Using appropriate medical terms for documentation, the EMT would describe this status as:

10. On scene, a 45-year-old female patient tells you that her current abdominal pain felt similar to a previous small bowel obstruction, so she called for EMS much earlier than the first episode. During your assessment, which signs or symptoms would agree with her assessment?

11. You have been called for a patient with abdominal pain. The patient states that he recently had his gallbladder removed. As an EMT, you realize that:

12. Which of these descriptions best fits a female patient with a problem related to her urinary system?

13. Which of these assessment findings would help convince the EMT that a patient with abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding is experiencing a spontaneous abortion (miscarriage)?

14. The EMT would recognize that the pain associated with a kidney stone is caused by:

15. A patient with lower abdominal pelvic pain, vaginal discharge, and elevated temperature has summoned EMS. In getting a medical history from this patient, which of these findings is the most important piece of information to relay to the receiving emergency department?

16. You suspect a patient with right lower quadrant pain may have appendicitis. The patient states that he has no health insurance and wants to refuse care and transport. He asks you what can happen if his condition is appendicitis and he does not go to the hospital. What is your best response?

17. You have been called for a 31-year-old male patient who experienced sudden left lower quadrant pain while lifting and moving a friend's couch to an upstairs bedroom. The EMT would recognize this history as suggestive of which type of abdominal pathology?

18. While assessing a patient with acute abdominal pain, you note that his abdomen is very rigid. When asked to relax his stomach muscles, he does. The EMT would recognize this patient as demonstrating:

19. The most common complaint(s) associated with a gynecologic emergency is (are):

20. In the human body, the urethra:

21. In discussing patients with chlamydia and gonorrhea with a group of EMT students, you would inform them that:

22. Which of these statements indicates that the EMT correctly understands the goal of assessing a geriatric patient with abdominal pain?

23. A patient informs you that he previously had a section of his small intestine removed due to cancer. You recognize that with the removal of small intestine, the patient is less able to:

24. What is the major threat to life for a patient with an unstable abdominal aortic aneurysm?

25. You have been called to a local nursing home for a restless patient with a four-day history of diarrhea. The primary assessment reveals an open airway, rapid breathing, and a weak and rapid radial pulse. Vital signs are pulse, 124; respirations, 24 breaths/min; blood pressure, 100/86 mmHg; and SpO2, 95%. The patient is confused with a history of Alzheimer's dementia. For this patient, it is most important to evaluate for: