CUET UG General Test General Knowledge Current Affairs Economy Science Sports Awards

Must-Know (15–20 detailed bullets)

• India’s GDP is calculated using the production and expenditure methods; base year is 2011–12. Example: Real GDP adjusts for inflation using this base year.
• Repo Rate as of 2023 is 6.5%; set by RBI under Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) mandate to maintain inflation near 4% ± 2%.
• The Pradhan Mantri Matri Vandana Yojana provides ₹5,000 in cash benefits to pregnant women for the first live birth.
• The Bharat Net project aims to connect 250,000 Gram Panchayats via optical fibre; as of 2023, over 185,000 connected.
• Chandrayaan-3 successfully landed near the lunar south pole on August 23, 2023 — making India the first country to do so.
• The Nobel Peace Prize 2023 was awarded to Narges Mohammadi for her fight against oppression of women in Iran.
• The Khelo India Youth Games 2023 were hosted in Madhya Pradesh; over 7,000 athletes participated across 27 disciplines.
• The 106th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2023 provides 33% reservation for women in Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies.
• Article 368 of the Indian Constitution deals with the power of Parliament to amend the Constitution.
• The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol aims to phase down hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by 2047; India ratified it in 2021.
• The National Quantum Mission was launched in 2023 with a budget outlay of ₹6,003 crore to advance quantum computing and communication.
• The G20 Summit 2023 was held in New Delhi; the "Delhi Declaration" included consensus on Ukraine and green development.
• The International Solar Alliance (ISA) was co-founded by India and France during COP21 in 2015; headquartered in Gurugram.
• The Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian award, has no monetary grant; recipients receive a certificate and a peepal leaf-shaped medallion.
• The Davis Cup is the premier international team event in men’s tennis; Canada won in 2022, Australia in 2023.
• The Hubble Space Telescope operates in visible, near-infrared, and ultraviolet spectra; launched in 1990 aboard Space Shuttle Discovery.
• The Paris Agreement, adopted in 2015, aims to limit global warming to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels.
• The Atal Pension Yojana guarantees a minimum monthly pension of ₹1,000 to ₹5,000 after age 60, depending on contribution amount.
• The Pradhan Mantri SVANidhi Scheme provides collateral-free working capital loans up to ₹50,000 to street vendors.
• The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established in 2010 under the NGT Act, 2010; it handles cases related to environmental protection.

Difficulty Level

Intermediate — Requires awareness of recent developments (2022–2023) linked with government schemes, international events, and scientific milestones; some data points are precise and frequently tested.

Common CUET Traps (3 bullets)

• Trap: Confusing the launch year of Chandrayaan-2 (2019) with Chandrayaan-3 (2023) and attributing success to the former.
  Avoid: Remember: Chandrayaan-2 failed in landing; Chandrayaan-3 succeeded on July 14 launch, August 23 landing.

• Trap: Assuming the Nobel Prize in Economics is one of the original Nobel Prizes.
  Avoid: It was established in 1968 by RBI of Sweden; not among the five original prizes created by Alfred Nobel.

• Trap: Believing the Montreal Protocol addresses carbon dioxide emissions.
  Avoid: It targets ozone-depleting substances like CFCs and halons; CO₂ is regulated under UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol.

Practice MCQs (5 questions)

Q1. Which country hosted the G20 Summit in 2023?
A. Japan
B. Indonesia
C. India
D. Brazil

Answer: C
Explanation: India hosted the G20 Summit in New Delhi from September 9–10, 2023.
Why others fail: Indonesia hosted in 2022, leading to confusion due to proximity.

Q2. What is the primary objective of the Kigali Amendment?
A. Phase out ozone-depleting substances
B. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions from aviation
C. Phase down hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
D. Ban single-use plastics globally

Answer: C
Explanation: The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol specifically mandates the phasedown of HFCs, potent greenhouse gases.
Why others fail: Option A refers to the original Montreal Protocol, not the Kigali Amendment.

Q3. Which scheme provides a guaranteed pension between ₹1,000 and ₹5,000 per month after age 60?
A. Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana
B. Atal Pension Yojana
C. Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maandhan
D. National Pension System

Answer: B
Explanation: Atal Pension Yojana (APY) guarantees fixed pensions based on contribution tiers.
Why others fail: PM-SYM offers up to ₹3,000, but not guaranteed; NPS returns are market-linked.

Q4. Who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2023?
A. Malala Yousafzai
B. Maria Ressa
C. Narges Mohammadi
D. World Food Programme

Answer: C
Explanation: Narges Mohammadi received the 2023 Nobel Peace Prize for her activism for women's rights in Iran.
Why others fail: Maria Ressa won in 2021; Malala in 2014 — both are common distractors.

Q5. Which of the following statements about India’s GDP calculation is correct?
A. Base year is 2004–05 and uses factor cost method
B. Base year is 2011–12 and GDP is measured at market prices
C. GDP is calculated only by the production method
D. GDP excludes services sector contribution

Answer: B
Explanation: India’s GDP base year is 2011–12 and nominal GDP is measured at market prices.
Why others fail: Option A refers to outdated 2004–05 base year; services contribute ~55%, so D is false.

Last‑Minute Revision (15–20 one‑liners)

• ⚠️ Repo Rate: 6.5% (2023); Reverse Repo: 3.35%.
• ⚠️ Chandrayaan-3 landing site: ~70°S, near Manzinus U crater — first at south pole.
• ⚠️ Nobel in Economics = Sveriges Riksbank Prize; not original Nobel.
• ⚠️ Montreal Protocol (1987) → Ozone layer; Kyoto (1997) → CO₂; Paris (2015) → Climate action.
• ⚠️ Article 368: Constitutional amendment procedure.
• ⚠️ 106th Amendment: 33% women reservation in Parliament and Assemblies.
• ⚠️ Bharat Ratna: No monetary value; highest civilian award.
• ⚠️ Davis Cup = men’s tennis; Billie Jean King Cup = women’s.
• ⚠️ National Quantum Mission: ₹6,003 crore, 2023 launch.
• ⚠️ PM SVANidhi: ₹50,000 working capital loan to street vendors.
• ⚠️ Atal Pension Yojana: ₹1,000–5,000/month pension after 60.
• ⚠️ G20 2023: Delhi Declaration, Africa gets permanent seat demand.
• ⚠️ ISA founded in COP21 (2015), India-France initiative.
• ⚠️ Kigali Amendment: HFC phasedown; India’s schedule starts 2028.
• ⚠️ NGT established: 2010; environmental dispute resolution.
• ⚠️ PM-MVY: ₹5,000 for first childbirth only.
• ⚠️ Hubble Telescope: 1990 launch, observes visible, UV, near-IR.
• ⚠️ Khelo India 2023: Madhya Pradesh, 27 sports.
• ⚠️ C4 plants: Kranz anatomy; C3 plants: no Kranz.
• ⚠️ GDP base year: 2011–12 — verify from NCERT Class 12 Macroeconomics.