CUET UG General Test General Knowledge Indian Polity History Geography Static GK

Must-Know

• The Constitution of India was adopted on 26 November 1949 and came into effect on 26 January 1950.
• Article 368 of the Indian Constitution deals with the power and procedure of constitutional amendment.
• The 42nd Amendment Act (1976) added the words "Socialist", "Secular", and "Integrity" to the Preamble.
• The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act (1992) gave constitutional status to Panchayati Raj Institutions.
• The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act (1992) provided constitutional status to Urban Local Bodies (Municipalities).
• The Right to Education (RTE) Act, 2009 makes education a fundamental right under Article 21A for children aged 6–14 years.
• The first session of the Indian National Congress was held in 1885 in Bombay under W.C. Bonnerjee.
• The Quit India Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1942 after the failure of the Cripps Mission.
• The Battle of Plassey was fought in 1757 between Siraj-ud-Daulah and Robert Clive, marking the beginning of British political control in India.
• The Revolt of 1857 began in Meerut on 10 May 1857 and is also known as the First War of Independence.
• The Indian Councils Act of 1909 (Morley-Minto Reforms) introduced separate electorates for Muslims.
• The Government of India Act, 1935 introduced provincial autonomy and was the longest act passed by the British Parliament.
• The Lithosphere consists of the crust and the uppermost solid part of the mantle; it is broken into tectonic plates.
• The Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N) passes through 8 Indian states: Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, and Mizoram.
• The Coriolis force deflects winds to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere due to Earth’s rotation.
• The Narmada River flows westward between the Vindhya and Satpura ranges and drains into the Arabian Sea.
• The Köppen climate classification system uses letters like A (tropical), B (arid), C (warm temperate), D (continental), E (polar) to denote climate types.
• The Green Revolution in India began in the mid-1960s, with wheat as the major beneficiary crop, especially in Punjab and Haryana.
• The National Income of a country is calculated using the formula: GDP = C + I + G + (X – M), where C = consumption, I = investment, G = government spending, X = exports, M = imports.
• The Planning Commission was established in 1950 by a resolution of the Government of India; it was replaced by NITI Aayog in 2015.

Difficulty Level

Intermediate — The facts are directly from NCERT but require precise recall of dates, articles, and names; mix of conceptual and factual knowledge expected.

Common CUET Traps

• Trap: Confusing the adoption date (26 Nov 1949) with the enforcement date (26 Jan 1950) of the Constitution.
  Avoid: Remember: adopted in 1949, enforced on Republic Day, 26 January 1950.

• Trap: Believing the Revolt of 1857 started in Delhi; it actually began in Meerut on 10 May 1857.
  Avoid: Memorize: "Meerut mutiny → spread to Delhi"; soldiers marched to Delhi after rebellion.

• Trap: Assuming the Green Revolution benefited all crops equally; it primarily boosted wheat and rice.
  Avoid: Recall: High-Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds were first used in wheat (e.g., Kalyan Sona, Sonalika).

Practice MCQs

Q1. Which constitutional amendment added the word "Socialist" to the Preamble of the Indian Constitution?
A. 40th Amendment
B. 42nd Amendment
C. 44th Amendment
D. 73rd Amendment

Answer: B
Explanation: The 42nd Amendment Act (1976) added "Socialist", "Secular", and "Integrity" to the Preamble.
Why others fail: The 44th Amendment is often confused because it was also during the Emergency, but it dealt with fundamental rights.

Q2. The first session of the Indian National Congress was held in which year?
A. 1884
B. 1885
C. 1886
D. 1892

Answer: B
Explanation: The first session of the Indian National Congress was held in December 1885 in Bombay.
Why others fail: 1884 is one year before; students often miscount due to lack of precise recall.

Q3. Which river flows between the Vindhya and Satpura ranges?
A. Godavari
B. Mahanadi
C. Narmada
D. Tapti

Answer: C
Explanation: The Narmada River flows westward through the rift valley between the Vindhya and Satpura ranges.
Why others fail: Tapti also flows west but lies south of Satpura; Narmada is specifically between the two ranges.

Q4. Which of the following is NOT a feature of the Government of India Act, 1935?
A. Bicameral legislature at the Centre
B. Federal structure with a strong Centre
C. Abolition of dyarchy at the provincial level
D. Provision for an All-India Federation

Answer: C
Explanation: The Act introduced provincial autonomy and abolished dyarchy in provinces, but introduced it at the Centre — so C is incorrect as stated.
Why others fail: Option C sounds positive; students forget dyarchy was removed in provinces but retained at Centre.

Q5. Which of the following pairs is correctly matched regarding Köppen’s climate classification?
A. Am – Tropical Monsoon Climate
B. BSh – Cold Steppe Climate
C. Cfb – Humid Subtropical Climate
D. Dfc – Mediterranean Climate

Answer: A
Explanation: Am stands for tropical monsoon climate, found in parts of coastal Karnataka and Kerala.
Why others fail: Cfb is oceanic (not subtropical); BSh is hot steppe; Dfc is subarctic — common mix-ups in letter codes.

Last-Minute Revision

• ⚠️ Constitution adopted: 26 Nov 1949; enforced: 26 Jan 1950.
• ⚠️ Article 368: Constitutional amendment procedure.
• ⚠️ 42nd Amendment: Added "Socialist", "Secular", "Integrity" — during Emergency (1976).
• ⚠️ 73rd Amendment: Panchayati Raj; 74th: Municipalities.
• ⚠️ First INC session: 1885, Bombay, W.C. Bonnerjee.
• ⚠️ Quit India Movement: 1942, after Cripps Mission failed.
• ⚠️ Battle of Plassey: 1757, Robert Clive vs. Siraj-ud-Daulah.
• ⚠️ Revolt of 1857: Started in Meerut on 10 May 1857.
• ⚠️ Morley-Minto Reforms: 1909, separate electorates for Muslims.
• ⚠️ Govt of India Act, 1935: Provincial autonomy, bicameral Centre, federal plan.
• ⚠️ Tropic of Cancer passes through 8 states — GRaMe CHaJaT (Gujarat, Rajasthan, MP, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, WB, Tripura, Mizoram).
• ⚠️ Narmada flows west between Vindhya & Satpura; only major west-flowing river in central India.
• ⚠️ Coriolis effect: Right deflection in NH, left in SH — due to Earth’s rotation.
• ⚠️ Lithosphere = crust + upper mantle; broken into tectonic plates.
• ⚠️ Köppen: A-tropical, B-arid, C-warm temperate, D-continental, E-polar.
• ⚠️ Green Revolution: Mid-1960s, HYV seeds, wheat (Punjab/Haryana).
• ⚠️ GDP = C + I + G + (X – M) — basic national income identity.
• ⚠️ Planning Commission: 1950; replaced by NITI Aayog in 2015.
• ⚠️ RTE Act, 2009: Free & compulsory education for 6–14 years under Article 21A.
• ⚠️ First Buddhist Council: Rajagriha, 483 BCE, Mahakassapa — verify from NCERT.